Pharmacognostic, characterization, physio-chemical scrutinizes, and biological attributes of <i>Goniothalamus wightii</i>

To evaluate the quality control parameters of <i>Goniothalamus wightii</i> leaves, which are used for traditional medicine. The leaves extracts were characterized and to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antibacterial, antibiofilm and antioxidant activities. The macroscopic studies of the leaves are simply arranged, green color and dicot plant. The physico-chemical values are the presence of foreign matter, loss on drying, moisture and tannin content, no swelling and foaming capacity. Total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water soluble ash, and sulphated ash are the ash values; extractive values are examined in various organic solvents with visualized UV to exhibit various color variations. The proximate compositions were fiber, soluble and insoluble fiber, carbohydrates, and lipid content presence at g/100g. The quantitative phytoconstituents presence of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts such as were resolved in sequential extraction with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol bands were separated. The FT-IR spectrum resembles the aliphatic and aromatic amines, and the LC-MS were identified by phenolic and flavonoids derivatives, steroids, lignin’s. The compounds based the antioxidant activities were 50-80% inhibition against the free radicals and antibacterial, antibiofilm activities were strongly killed the pathogens (<i>E. coli</i>, <i>E. faecalis</i>). In concluded that the pharmacognostic standardization is the first report in these species. The extracts of <i>G. wightiii</i> have potential antioxidant, antibacterial and antibiofilm effects, which could lead to pharmaceutical and industrial applications.