O ensombramento como técnica de monda na macieira 'Gala' (Malus domestica Borkh.). Caracterização agronómica e ecofisiológica | Thinning via shading in apple 'Gala' (Malus domestica Borkh.). Agronomic and ecophysiological characterization
2009
Domingos, Sara Nobre Gonçalves | Oliveira, Cristina Maria Moniz Simões | Grappadelli, Luca Corelli
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Hortofruticultura e Viticultura - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]In this study, carried out in 2007, at the University of Bologna Experimental Farm, a new thinning method via shading in ‘Gala’ apple trees is proposed. The two treatments compared were: chemical thinning (NAA 12 ppm + 6-BA 120ppm, at 14 DAFB) and artificial shading (with a polypropylene 90% shading cloth, at 30 DAFB, for one week). Fruit drop, fruit growth rate via caliper and electronic gauges, and whole tree gas exchange were measured before, during and after shading. Fruit daily growth patterns changed and greatly reduced under shading, as well as net carbon exchange rates, total and per unit of light intercepted by the trees, decreased more than 50% during shading. This work supports the hypothesis that C-deficit may induce fruit abscission around 30 DAFB. The effects of chemical thinning and shading on fruit abscission (58,4±1,98 and 56,3±2,42%), crop load (4,17±0,44 and 4,14±0,27 fruitscm-2TCSA), yield density (0,58±0,06 and 0,60±0,03 Kgcm-2TCSA), final fruit weight and size (164,89±1,97 and 165,37±1,39 g, 73,01±0,26 and 72,33±0,23 mm), were the same. Fruits quality was superior in shading, with higher sugar content, flesh firmness and titrable acidity.
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