First Molecular Characterisation of Porcine Parvovirus 7 (PPV7) in Italy
2024
Silvia Dei Giudici | Lorena Mura | Piero Bonelli | Luca Ferretti | Salwa Hawko | Giulia Franzoni | Pier Paolo Angioi | Anna Ladu | Graziella Puggioni | Elisabetta Antuofermo | Maria Luisa Sanna | Giovanni Pietro Burrai | Annalisa Oggiano
Porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) are among the most important agents of reproductive failure in swine worldwide. PPVs comprise eight genetically different species ascribed to four genera: <i>Protoparvovirus</i> (PPV1, PPV8), <i>Tetraparvovirus</i> (PPV2-3), <i>Copiparvovirus</i> (PPV4-6), and <i>Chaphamaparvovirus</i> (PPV7). In 2016, PPV7 was firstly detected in the USA and afterwards in Europe, Asia, and South America. Recently, it was also identified in Italy in pig farms with reproductive failure. This study aimed to evaluate the circulation of PPV7 in domestic and wild pigs in Sardinia, Italy. In addition, its coinfection with Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) and 3 (PCV3) was analysed, and PPV7 Italian strains were molecularly characterised. PPV7 was detected in domestic pigs and, for the first time, wild pigs in Italy. The PPV7 viral genome was detected in 20.59% of domestic and wild pig samples. PPV7 detection was significantly lower in domestic pigs, with higher PCV2/PCV3 co-infection rates observed in PPV7-positive than in PPV7-negative domestic pigs. Molecular characterisation of the NS1 gene showed a very high frequency of recombination that could presumably promote virus spreading.
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