膨化大豆粉的生产加工技术及在饲料中的应用Processing technology of extruded soybean powder and its application in feed

为给膨化大豆粉相关产品的开发和应用提供参考，根据生产实践经验，总结了在无抗大环境下膨化大豆粉的生产加工技术、关键设备和关键指标控制，并对膨化大豆粉在仔猪、奶牛、水产和家禽饲料中的应用研究情况进行了综述。原料大豆经除杂、破碎、粉碎、调质、膨化、冷却、干燥、破碎等工艺生产膨化大豆粉，膨化大豆粉生产关键设备包括原料破碎机、锤片式粉碎机、调质器、膨化机、翻板冷却器、成品破碎机等。膨化大豆粉关键指标为抗营养因子（脲酶活性0.01～0.03 U/g）、氢氧化钾蛋白质溶解度（75%~80%）、脂肪（17%～20%）、粗蛋白质（35%～39%）、水分（≤12%）、颗粒度（0.85 mm筛网过筛率≥90%）等，可通过调节工艺参数和加工工艺等方式，控制关键指标。膨化大豆粉可用于仔猪、奶牛、水产、家禽的饲料中，具有促进消化吸收、提高生产性能等优点。综上，膨化大豆粉生产工艺简单，同时对提高养殖经济效益具有十分重要的意义。In order to provide reference for the development and application of extruded soybean powder products, the processing technology of extruded soybean powder in non-resistant environment, key equipments and key control indicators were summarized according to the practical experience of production.In addition, the applications of extruded soybean powder in piglets, dairy cows, poultry and aquatic feed were overviewed. Extruded soybean powder was produced by the process of impurity removal, crushing, grinding, conditioning, extruding, cooling, drying and crushing. The key equipments of the extruded soybean powder production included raw material crusher, hammer mill, conditioner, extruder, flip plate cooler, finished product crusher and other equipment. The key indicators of extruded soybean powder were mainly anti-nutritional factors (urease activity 0.01-0.03 U/g), KOH nitrogen solubility index(75%-80%), fat (17%-20%), crude protein (35%-39%), moisture (≤12%), and particle size (0.85 mm screen passing rate ≥90%), which could be controlled by adjusting production process and process parameters. Extruded soybean powder could be used in the feed of piglets, dairy cows, aquatic products and poultry, which had the advantages of promoting digestion and absorption, improving production performance. In summary, the production process of extruded soybean powder is simple, and it has a very important significance for improving the economic benefits of breeding.