神经酸的来源、提取分离工艺及生理功能研究进展Progress on the source, extraction and separation processes, and physiological function of nervonic acid
2022
王菊花1，许佳敏1，佟祎鑫1，马赛买1，白万明2，白小勇2，孔维宝1 WANG Juhua1, XU Jiamin1, TONG Yixin1, MA Saimai1, BAI Wanming2, BAI Xiaoyong2, KONG Weibao1
神经酸是大脑神经细胞和神经组织的核心成分，与大脑发育密切相关。为促进神经酸的高产和相关产品的规模化开发和应用，对神经酸的来源、提取分离工艺及生理功能进行了综述。神经酸存在于多种动植物及微生物中，提取分离工艺包括低温结晶法、超临界CO2萃取法、尿素包合法、分子蒸馏法等，具有治疗脑部疾病、中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病、心脑血管疾病及增强免疫力等生理功能。为获取丰富且高纯度的神经酸，除选育高产神经酸植物品种外，还可以利用基因工程构建高产神经酸转基因植物。此外，在后续研究中可将传统技术与先进技术相结合提取分离神经酸。 Nervonic acid is the core component of nerve cells and nerve tissue in the brain. It is closely related to brain development. In order to promote the high yield of nervonic acid and the large-scale development and application of related products, the sources, extraction and separation processes, and physiological function of nervonic acid were reviewed.Nervonic acid exists in a variety of animals, plants, and microorganisms, and its extraction and separation processes include low-temperature crystallization, supercritical CO2 extraction, urea inclusion fractionation, molecular distillation, etc. , and it has physiological functions of treating brain diseases, central nervous system demyelinating diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and enhancing immunity and other functions.In order to obtain abundant and high purity nervonic acid, genetic engineering also can be used to construct high-yield nervonic acid transgenic plants besides breeding high-yield nervonic acid plant varieties. In the follow-up study, the combination of traditional technology and advanced technology can be used to extract and separate nervonic acid.
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