PRODUCTIVITY AND ENERGETIC EFFICIENCY OF GRAIN SORGHUM CULTIVATION
2018
G. V. Metlina | V. V. Kovtunov | О. А. Lushpina | S. A. Vasilchenko
To stabilize the production of forage grain in the dry parts of the Rostov region it is necessary to implement highly productive varieties of grain sorghum. With the help of the crop it’s possible to solve the problems of maintenance of sustained productivity of grain every year. The researches were carried out in 2013-2015 by the All-Russian RI of Grain Crops named after I.G. Kalinenko to determine the efficiency of cultivation of grain sorghum varieties in the regions of unstable and insufficient humidity of the Rostov region. The agroclimatic conditions in the years of study significantly differed in the amount of precipitations, in the temperature regime, which allowed objectively evaluating the studied varieties. The article gives the results of the study of grain productivity and quality (the yield of fodder units, digestible protein, metabolizable energy content in the dry matter; the bioenergitic efficiency of grain sorghum cultivation has been considered). The varieties ‘Khazine 28’, ‘Zernogradskoe 53’, ‘Luchistoe’, ‘Orlovskoe’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’ and ‘Velikan’, considered in the article, belong to the early and middle maturing groups of varieties and they have a high content of starch (74.1-76.0%). On average the studied varieties formed the grain productivity of 3.73-4.76 t/ha, with the fodder units of 4.63-5.85 t/ha and the content of raw protein of 11.4-12.8%. The cultivation technologies of grain sorghum produced net energetic profit of 29.56-40.11 GJ/ha with the coefficient of energetic efficiency of 3.3-3.9. According to the energy content all grain sorghum varieties are considered efficient.
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