Cloning and expression of recombinant endo 1,4 β xylanase in origami strain and evaluation of microbial enzyme supplementation effects on broiler performance

Objective Today, one of the ways to reduce production costs in poultry industrial units is to replace cost-effective grains such as wheat with corn in the poultry diet. However, the presence of non-starch polysaccharides in the cell wall of wheat has inevitably limited the uptake of nutrients by poultry. In this regard, one of the methods to remove non-starch polysaccharides is the use of xylanase enzyme additive in formulated diets based on wheat. For this purpose, the aim of this experiment was to clone the recombinant enzyme xylanase and investigate its effects on the performance of wheat-fed broiler chickens.   Materials and methods In current investigation, in the first step, xylanase gene, as a degradation enzyme of non-starch polysaccharides in wheat-based poultry diet, was cloned into plasmid pET-21a (+) in E. coli origami expression strain using heat shock method. IPTG inducer was used to induce gene expression and the expression result was observed on SDS-PAGE. Then, in the second step, the recombinant xylanase enzyme solution was added to the diet of one-hundred Ross 308 broilers in a completely randomized design. Then, the mean body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and viscosity of jejunum contents were also measured.   Results The results of present study showed that the recombinant xylanase gene was transferred to origami and the cloning results of PCR confirmed the presence of a specific band of 966 bp. SDS-PAGE also showed a recombinant protein with a molecular weight of 35 kDa. Furthermore, the results of adding recombinant xylanase enzyme to wheat-based diet showed an increase in the weight of broilers and a decrease in feed conversion ratio and viscosity in the final period and the whole period compared to the control group at a probability level of 5%.   Conclusions The results of the current research showed that the production of recombinant enzyme xylanase and its addition as a dietary supplement in wheat-based diets could increase the yield of broilers by breaking down arabinosylans in the wheat cell wall and the presence of xylanase enzyme in the diet is known as one of the important factors in enhancing the growth of broilers.