Evaluation of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Biocontrol Potential against Fusarium Fungi on Winter Wheat
2022
Anzhela Mikhailovna Asaturova | Natalya Andreevna Zhevnova | Natalia Sergeevna Tomashevich | Tatiana Mikhailovna Sidorova | Anna Igorevna Homyak | Valentina Mikhailovna Dubyaga | Vladimir Dmitrievich Nadykta | Artem Pavlovich Zharikov | Yuri Irodionovich Kostyukevich | Boris Sergeevich Tupertsev
Fungi of the genus <i>Fusarium</i> are economically significant pathogens in most wheat-growing regions worldwide. The biocontrol agents <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> BZR 336 g and BZR 517 were tested for growth inhibition of <i>F. graminearum</i> BZR 4. The results demonstrated that the strains are capable of deforming and destroying hyphae. The modified bioautography technique showed that the strains produce iturin A and surfactin, which probably explains the mechanism of pathogen inhibition. Furthermore, lipopeptides were detected and identified in two samples by the HPLC-HRMS. Compounds such as surfactin and their isomers and homologues were found in both samples. An experiment on an artificial infectious background in a climatic chamber established that the biological effectiveness of strains is close to that of chemical and biological references. Cultivation of plants with <i>B. velezensis</i> showed that the strains are likely to reduce the stress load. An efficacy of up to 45.0% was determined for bioagents BZR 336 g and BZR 517 in field trials, while the yield was up to 7.9 t/ha. The use of <i>B. velezensis</i> BZR 336 g and BZR 517 as biocontrol agents provides an environmentally friendly approach to the control of <i>Fusarium</i> rots on wheat, reduction of the pesticide load, and hence quality harvest.
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