Effect of the salinity in the e ï¬ science in the use of the water and the production of dry matter in guayabo Efecto de la salinidad en la eï¬ciencia en el uso del agua y la producción de materia seca en guayabo
2006
González M Ing. Agr.; Leonardo A. | Dotor Ing. Agr. Ph.D.; Bernardo A. | Casierra Fánor Casierra Posada
<p align="justify">Effect of salinity on water use efï¬ciency and dry matter production of guava plants. To study the salt tolerance of guava cultivars <em>(Psidium guajava I</em> L.cvs RS 980 and Cimpa 00916), the effect os salinity on growth, dry matter production and agronomic water use efï¬ciency were evaluated. Seedlings were grown in a glasshouse experiment in 3-1 post ï¬lled with soil in Tunja, Colombia. Plants were exposed to either non-saline (ECe: 1.2 dS.m<sup>-1</sup>) or saline conditions using 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM NaCl based to air dry soil (ECe: 3.0, 5.4, 7.9 and 10.5 dS.m<sup>-1 </sup>respectly of a saturated soil extract) 3 months after germination. Plants were harvested 7 months after the NaCl exposure. The evapotranspiration rate (cm<sup>3</sup>), dry matter production (g), agronomic water use efï¬ciency (g1<sup>-1</sup>) and leaf area (cm<sup>2</sup>) of both cultivars was reduced by salinity. Dry matter partitioning in roots shoot and leaves and root: shoot ratio based on dry matter were little affected by salinity. In comparison to the control plants, the agronomic water use efï¬ciency was reduced 29.5% in cultivar RS 980 and 10.0% in Cimpa 00196 by 80 mM NaCl; similarly, 80 mM NaCl reduced the total dry matter production 50.8% in RS 980 and 29.8% in Cimpa 00196 in comparison to the control plants. Thus, it appears that RS 980 was more salt-sensitive than Cimpa 00196.</p><br><p align="justify">En plantas de guayaba (<em>Psidium guajava</em> L. cvs. RS 980 y Cimpa 00916) se evalu&oacute; el efecto de la salinidad sobre el crecimiento, la producci&oacute;n de materia seca y la eï¬cacia agron&oacute;mica en el uso del agua. Las plantas se obtuvieron a partir de semilla, crecieron en un invernadero en materas (tres litros) y se expusieron a condiciones no salinas (ECe: 1.2 dS.m<sup>-1</sup>) o salinas mediante la adici&oacute;n de 20; 40; 60 y 80 mM de NaCl con base en suelo seco al aire (ECe:3.0, 5.4, 7.9 y 10.5 dS.m<sup>-1</sup> respectivamente medidas en extracto de saturaci&oacute;n) tres meses despu&eacute;s de la germinaci&oacute;n. Las plantas se cosecharon siete meses despu&eacute;s de su exposici&oacute;n al NaCl. La tasa de evapotranspiraci&oacute;n (cm<sup>3</sup>), la producci&oacute;n de la materia seca (g), la eï¬cacia agron&oacute;mica en el uso del agua (g.l<sup>-1</sup>) y el &aacute;rea de la hoja (cm<sup>2</sup>), en ambos cultivares se redujeron con la salinidad. La distribuci&oacute;n de biomasa en ra&iacute;ces, tallos y hojas, as&iacute; como la relaci&oacute;n ra&iacute;z: brote con base en materia seca resultaron poco afectadas por la salinidad. En comparaci&oacute;n con las plantas control, la eï¬ciencia agron&oacute;mica en el uso del agua se redujo 29.5% en el cultivar RS 980 y 10.0% en Cimpa 00196 a 80 mM de NaCl, nivel que tambi&eacute;n disminuy&oacute; la producci&oacute;n total de materia seca 50.8% en RS 980 y 29.8% en Cimpa 00196. De este modo, el cultivar RS 980 parece m&aacute;s sensible a la salinidad que Cimpa 00196. </p>
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