THE STEPS OF OBTAINING HETEROTIC F1 HYBRIDS OF WATERMELON
2018
N. G. Baybakova | Е. S. Maslennikova | О. P. Varivoda
The article deals with the stages of obtaining heterosis hybrids F1 watermelon. To solve the problem of creating heterosis hybrids watermelon allocated parent line with nuclear (gene) male sterility, which has a marker recessive trait – a single leaf blade. On the basis of this line, we create F1 watermelon hybrids that meet the requirements of modern production. The characteristic of the maternal line (line HMS) having sterile male flowers (gene ms) and wholeness (nl), light green color of the fruit (g), which is also a recessive trait. Also, the assessment on complex resistance to Fusarium and Anthracnose in linear hybrids F1 watermelon showed their superiority over the parent lines and a significant excess of the standard. Determined the combining ability of hybrid combinations of watermelon were evaluated for yield. According to the results of the evaluation of the ability to combine, a positive effect on productivity showed a combination with the paternal lines: Uspeh, Nice, Medunok, Vostorg, Favorite, Stimul, Icar, Rubyn, Pamyat Kholodova. The effect of more than 20 t / ha showed paternal lines Pamyat Kholoova, Favorite, Ikar. The optimal variant of the parent forms ratio is o: m: o: m: o (1:2), this scheme provides a higher hybridity of the obtained seeds. Hybridity of the obtained seeds was determined in the nurseries of preliminary and competitive variety testing. Hybridity of seeds was from 84.2 to 96.3%, which is satisfactory for industrial crops, where non-hybrid plants will be removed at breakthrough on the marker basis. Separated hybrids Line Cms x Rubyn, Line Cms x Medunok, the Line Cms x Favorite, Line Cms x Vostorg, Line Cms x Icar. The aim of the research was to develop the stages of obtaining heterosis hybrids F1 watermelon.
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