Introduction to the suspension Artemisia vulgaris L. cell culture

Background. Plants of the genus Artemisia L. are of interest as sources of secondary metabolites in demand for the development of preventive and therapeutic agents. Technologies and methods of cultivation of plant cells in vitro are considered an alternative way of obtaining herbal medicinal raw materials. The aim of the work is to introduce Artemisia vulgaris L. into the suspension culture of cells in vitro based on a callus cell culture obtained from a wild plant of the Central Yakut population. Materials and methods. The ground phytomass of common wormwood was collected on the territory of the phytocenoses of the Khangalassky and Namsky districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2020– 2021. To obtain callus cell cultures, leaves of sterile plants grown under controlled conditions from seeds of wild plants were used as initial explants. Explants were cultured on Murashige- Skoog nutrient medium (MS) with the addition of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine and α-naphthylacetic acid. A line was isolated from the primary callus for further preservation by transplanting to new nutrient media. Further, calluses from this line were used to obtain a suspension culture of Artemisia vulgaris L. cells with transplantation into a liquid medium MS. Results. The maximum growth of the cell biomass of Artemisia vulgaris L. suspension was observed in the medium MS with the addition of 6-benzylaminopurine (0.2 mg/L) and α-naphthylacetic acid (0.5 mg/L) on the callus variant obtained by combining 2.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.5 mg/L α- naphthylacetic acid in a solid medium MS. The resulting suspension culture of wormwood cells is represented by parenchyma-like aggregates of two morphological groups of cells of rounded shape and cells of elongated and/or worm-like elongated shape. Conclusions. The optimal hormonal composition for the introduction of Artemisia vulgaris L. cells into suspension culture has been determined based on callus culture of leaf origin. The combination of the hormones NAA and BAP in a liquid medium MS allowed to obtain cellular biomass with the best growth index. The obtained data will be used to study the respiratory activity of a suspension culture of Artemisia vulgaris L. cells and to select optimal conditions for hardware cultivation in a bioreactor.