<i>Haloglomus irregulare</i> gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Halophilic Archaeon Isolated from a Marine Saltern
2020
Ana Durán-Viseras | Cristina Sánchez-Porro | Antonio Ventosa
A halophilic archaeal strain, designated F16-60<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from Isla Cristina marine saltern in Huelva, Spain. Cells were pleomorphic, irregular, non-motile, and Gram-stain-negative. It produced red-pigmented colonies on agar plates. Strain F16-60<sup>T</sup> was extremely halophilic (optimum at 30% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) NaCl) and neutrophilic (optimum pH 7.5). Phylogenetic tree reconstructions based on 16S rRNA and <i>rpoB´</i> gene sequences revealed that strain F16-60<sup>T</sup> was distinct from species of the related genera <i>Natronomonas</i>, <i>Halomarina</i>, and <i>Halomicrobium</i>, of the order <i>Halobacteriales</i>. The polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester (PGP-Me), phosphatidylglycerol sulfate (PGS), and one glycolipid chromatographically identical to sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether (S-DGD-1). The DNA G+C content is 68.0 mol%. The taxonomic study, based on a combination of phylogenetic, genomic, chemotaxonomic, and phenotypic analyses, suggest that strain F16-60<sup>T</sup> (= CECT 9635<sup>T</sup> = JCM 33318<sup>T</sup>), represents a novel species of a new genus within the family <i>Haloarculaceae</i> and the order <i>Halobacteriales</i>, for which the name <i>Haloglomus irregulare</i> gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. Metagenomic fragment recruitment analysis revealed the worldwide distribution of members of this genus and suggested the existence of other closely related species to be isolated.
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