Low Effectiveness of Prosulfocarb and Mesosulfuron-Methyl + Iodosulfuron-Methyl against <i>Vulpia myuros</i>
2021
Muhammad Javaid Akhter | Abdullatief M. Abdurruhman | Solvejg Kopp Mathiassen | Per Kudsk
Due to natural tolerance to most widely used herbicides for grass weed control, prosulfocarb as pre-emergence or early post-emergence herbicide and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron as post-emergence herbicide are the mainstays of any chemical control program for <i>Vulpia myuros</i> in Denmark. However, farmers often report variable efficacy of these herbicides on <i>V. myuros</i> compared to other grass weeds. Dose–response experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of prosulfocarb and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron on <i>V. myuros.</i> Prosulfocarb was sprayed at different plant growth stages to study the influence of plant growth stage on the performance of prosulfocarb on <i>V. myuros</i> in comparison with the more susceptible grass weed species <i>Apera spica-venti</i>. Doses causing 50% reduction in response variable (ED<sub>50</sub>) were estimated from the dose–response analysis. The ED<sub>50</sub> values revealed a higher tolerance of <i>V. myuros</i> to prosulfocarb and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron than <i>A. spica-venti.</i> The relative difference in the effectiveness of prosulfocarb between <i>V. myuros</i> and <i>A. spica-venti</i> was constant among plant growth stages studied. The highest levels of <i>V. myuros</i> control were achieved when prosulfocarb was sprayed pre-emergence (BBCH 00), while the control substantially declined at later growth stages. The results from the current study document the tolerance of <i>V. myuros</i> to prosulfocarb and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron and highlight the importance of optimization of prosulfocarb spray timing for achieving maximum control of <i>V. myuros</i>.
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