Identification and Characterization of Resistance to Rust in Lentil and Its Wild Relatives

Lentil rust is a major disease worldwide caused by <i>Uromyces viciae-fabae</i>. In this study, we screened a large germplasm collection of cultivated lentils (<i>Lens culinaris</i> ssp. <i>culinaris</i>) and its wild relatives, both in adult plants in the field with a local rust isolate during 2 seasons and in seedlings under controlled conditions with four fungal isolates of worldwide origin. The main results from our study were the following: (1) a significant number of accessions with resistance based on hypersensitive reaction (reduced Infection Type (IT)) were identified in cultivated lentil and in <i>L. ervoides</i>, <i>L. nigricans</i> and <i>L.c. orientalis.</i> The IT scores showed a clear isolate-specific response suggesting race-specificity, so each fungal isolate might be considered a different race. Resistance was identified against all isolates what might be the basis to develop a standard differential set that should be a priority for rust definition and monitoring. (2) Interestingly, although at lower frequency than in <i>L. ervoides</i> and <i>L. nigricans</i>, the hypersensitive response was also observed within cultivated lentil, with accession 1561 (<i>L.c. culinaris</i>) displaying resistance to the four isolates making this accession a valuable ready-to-use resource for lentil resistance breeding. Resistance to all other rust isolates was also available within <i>L.c. culinaris</i> in an isolate-specific manner. Accession 1308 (<i>L. ervoides</i>) showed resistance against all isolates tested, as well as a reduced number of accessions belonging to other wild <i>Lens</i> species. (3) In addition, our screenings allowed the identification of several accessions with partial resistance (reduced Disease Severity (DS) despite high IT). Adult Plant Resistance resulting in reduced severity in adult plants in the field, despite high susceptibility in seedlings, was more frequently identified in <i>L.c. culinaris</i>, but also in <i>L. nigricans</i> and <i>L.c. orientalis</i>.