Effects of Different Tillage Measures on Soil Microbes and Enzymatic Activity

To reveal the effects of different tillage measures on soil microbes, enzyme activities and nutrients, eight different treatments were combined with different tillage methods to study the effects of different tillage measures on soil microbes, enzyme activities and nutrients. The results showed that in the flowering stage, the number of bacteria in the soil was higher than that in PT1 (ploughing + early ridging), RT1 (rotary tillage + early ridge) decreased by 22.6%. PT2 (ploughing + early subsoiling) was more than RT2 (rotary tillage + early subsoiling), PT3 (ploughing + conventional subsoiling) than RT3 (rotary tillage + conventional subsoiling), PCK (rotary tillage + conventional ridging) than RCK (rotary tillage + conventional ridging) increased by 13%, 22.9%, and 3.5%, respectively. The bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the whole rotary tillage treatment (rotary tillage) were higher than the tillage treatment (ploughing). Except for the invertase, the urease, phosphatase and catalase activities of the ploughing treatment were higher than those of the rotary tillage. When entering the pod-forming period, the number of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in rotary tillage were higher than tillage, the soil sucrase activity in rotary tillage was higher than that in ploughing. RT1 was significantly higher than PT1 and PT2 by 11.1% and 11.7%, but the soil urease, phosphatase and catalase activities were higher in ploughing than rotary tillage. The available nitrogen and the available potassium were opposite. At the stage of tillage, the number of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, urease activities and sucrase activities in the rotary tillage were higher than ploughing, while the activities of phosphatase and catalase were higher under ploughing. In the mature stage, the soil urease and catalase activities were higher in the tillage treatment, while the phosphatase and sucrase activities were opposite. On the whole, advance inter-tillage improved the soil environment to some extent on both tillage measures, especially T2 (subsoiling).