Evaluation of temporal variability and stationarity of potential evapotranspiration in Peninsular Malaysia
2022
Hui Theng Hue | Jing Lin Ng | Yuk Feng Huang | Yi Xun Tan
Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) functions as an indicator to estimate the amount of water loss to the atmosphere. Over the years, global climate change has eventually led to a change of PET capacity and this has affected the agricultural sector and water resource management. The objective of this study was to determine the best PET estimation method as well as to carry out a trend analysis and stationarity test of PET in Peninsular Malaysia. The Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope estimator were applied for the trend analysis while the Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test and Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) test were applied for the stationarity test. The findings showed that Pulau Langkawi and Kuantan stations exhibited increasing trends while Bayan Lepas station exhibited decreasing trends for the daily, monthly, and annual PET time series. The daily, monthly, and annual PET time series at Bayan Lepas, Ipoh, Subang and Muadzam Shah stations were found to be stationary. Overall, the PET trend was found to be higher in the coastal regions and stationary in the mountainous region. HIGHLIGHTS The Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator were used to analyse the trends of potential evapotranspiration (PET) series.; The stationarity of PET series was evaluated using the Kwiatknowski–Phillips–Schmidt (KPSS) test.; The Turc method gave the best performances in estimating PET.; The coastal regions exhibited increasing PET trend.; The daily, monthly and annual PET trends in the mountainous region were stationary.;
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