Genetic Relationship between <i>Salmonella</i> Isolates Recovered from Calves and Broilers Chickens in Kafr El-Sheikh City Using ERIC PCR

A prevalent bacterial intestinal infection with severe economic damage is salmonellosis. Our study was carried out to diagnose <i>Salmonella</i> from chickens and calves, to determine its resistance to antimicrobials’ phenotypic and genotypic characterization of integrons and β lactamase genes in the multidrug resistance of different <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes, and to detect the genetic relationship between <i>Salmonella</i> isolates collected from different origins using an ERIC PCR. In total, 200 samples from diseased chicken and diarrheic calves were obtained from 50 various farms from Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt. <i>Salmonella</i> poultry isolates were characterized as <i>S. Typhimurium</i> (3/8), <i>S. Enteritidis</i> (3/8), and <i>S. Kentucky</i> (2/8), but <i>Salmonella</i> isolates from cattle were <i>S. Enteritidis</i> (1/2) and <i>S. Kentucky</i> (1/2). When antibiotic susceptibility testing was completed on all of the isolates, it showed that there was multidrug resistance present (MDR). A PCR was applied for identifying the accompanying class 1 integrons and ESBLs from MDR <i>Salmonella</i> isolates (two isolates of <i>S. Kentucky</i> were divided as one from calf and one from poultry). Our results detected <i>blaTEM</i> and class 1 <i>integron</i>, but were negative for <i>bla IMP</i>, <i>bla VIM</i>, and <i>bla SHV.</i> An ERIC PCR was conducted for understanding the clonal relation between various β-lactamase-producing MDR <i>Salmonella</i> isolates. The same four previously mentioned isolates were also tested. The two isolates of <i>S. Enteritidis</i> isolated from poultry and calves had 100% similarity despite indicating that there were interactions between broilers and calves living on the same farm that caused infection from the same <i>Salmonella</i> strains, while the other two isolates of <i>S. Kentucky</i> showed only 33% serovarities.