Grain yield and quality of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes as affected by varying nutrient application rates
2024
Fontanil, L.C.
The potential of quinoa in the Philippines as an alternative to rice as carbohydrate source emphasizes the necessity of establishing optimal nutrient levels for its successful cultivation. To address this need, to investigate the effects of nutrient variation, particularly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), on plant growth, grain yield, and grain quality for two quinoa genotypes (white and red). This study employed a two-factor experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications, each consisting of five plants per replicate. The treatments comprised a combination of 12 fertilizer levels and two genotypes, including complete NPK, control N, control P, and control K, administered at different recommended rates (RR) of 100% (60-30-30), 150% (90-60-60), and 200% (120-90-90). Different quinoa growth, yield, and grain quality parameters including agronomic traits, biomass yield. grain yield, 1000-seed weight, harvest index, tissue NPK levels, and the chemical composition of grain were studied. The results demonstrated that fertilizer application exerted an overall positive impact on the growth and yield of both quinoa genotypes. Growth was enhanced, grain yield increased (16-18%), nutrient use efficiency (13.2%), and grain quality, specifically the crude protein (15.4%), significantly improved with higher fertilizer application rates. Based on grain yield and quality, and nutrient-use efficiency, the recommended optimum NPK nutrient rates under Los Baios, Laguna conditions are at 150% RR (90-60-60).
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