Advances in legume systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae. Part 2: Higher-level classification.
2024
BRUNEAU, A. | QUEIROZ, L. P. DE | RINGELBERG, J. J. | BORGES, L. M. | BORTOLUZZI, R. L. DA C. | BROWN, G. K. | CARDOSO, D. B. O. S. | CLARK, R. P. | CONCEIÇÃO, A. DE S. | COTA, M. M. T. | DEMEULENAERE, E. | STEFANO, R. D. DE | EBINGER, J. E. | FERM, J. | FONSECA-CORTÉS, A. | GAGNON, E. | GRETHER, R. | GUERRA, E. | HASTON, E. | HERENDEEN, P. S. | HERNÁNDEZ, H. M. | HOPKINS, H. C. F. | HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, I. | HUGHES, C. E. | ICKERT-BOND, S. M. | IGANCI, J. | KOENEN, E. J. M. | LEWIS, G. P. | LIMA, H. C. DE | LIMA, A. G. DE | LUCKOW, M. | MARAZZI, B. | MASLIN, B. R. | MORALES, M. | MORIM, M. P. | MURPHY, D. J. | O’DONNELL, S. A. | OLIVEIRA, F. G. | OLIVEIRA, A. C. DA S. | RANDO, J. G. | RIBEIRO, P. G. | RIBEIRO, C. L. | SANTOS, F. DA S. | SEIGLER, D. S. | SILVA, G. S. DA | SIMON, M. F. | SOARES, M. V. B. | TERRA, V. | ANNE BRUNEAU, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL | LUCIANO PAGANUCCI DE QUEIROZ, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | JENS J. RINGELBERG, UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH | LEONARDO M. BORGES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS | ROSELI LOPES DA COSTA BORTOLUZZI, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA | GILLIAN K. BROWN, QUEENSLAND HERBARIUM AND BIODIVERSITY SCIENCE | DOMINGOS B. O. S. CARDOSO, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS JARDIM BOTÂNICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO | RUTH P. CLARK, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS | ADILVA DE SOUZA CONCEIÇÃO, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DA BAHIA | MATHEUS MARTINS TEIXEIRA COTA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | ELSE DEMEULENAERE, UNIVERSITY OF GUAM | RODRIGO DUNO DE STEFANO, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA DE YUCATÁN | JOHN E. EBINGER, EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY | JULIA FERM, STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY | ANDRÉS FONSECA-CORTÉS, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | EDELINE GAGNON, UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH | ROSAURA GRETHER, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA-IZTAPALAPA | ETHIÉNE GUERRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL | ELSPETH HASTON, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN EDINBURGH | PATRICK S. HERENDEEN, CHICAGO BOTANIC GARDEN | HÉCTOR M. HERNÁNDEZ, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO | HELEN C. F. HOPKINS, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS | ISAU HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AMAZÓNICA DE MADRE DE DIOS | COLIN E. HUGHES, UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH | STEFANIE M. ICKERT-BOND, UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS | JOÃO IGANCI, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL | ERIK J. M. KOENEN, UNIVERSITÉ LIBRE DE BRUXELLES | GWILYM P. LEWIS, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS | HAROLDO CAVALCANTE DE LIMA, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS JARDIM BOTÂNICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO | ALEXANDRE GIBAU DE LIMA, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS JARDIM BOTÂNICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO | MELISSA LUCKOW, CORNELL UNIVERSITY | BRIGITTE MARAZZI, NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF CANTON TICINO | BRUCE R. MASLIN, WESTERN AUSTRALIAN HERBARIUM | MATÍAS MORALES, INSTITUTO DE RECURSOS BIOLÓGICOS, BUENOS AIRES | MARLI PIRES MORIM, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS JARDIM BOTÂNICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO | DANIEL J. MURPHY, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS VICTORIA | SHAWN A. O’DONNELL, NORTHUMBRIA UNIVERSITY | FILIPE GOMES OLIVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | ANA CARLA DA SILVA OLIVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | JULIANA GASTALDELLO RANDO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO OESTE DA BAHIA | PÉTALA GOMES RIBEIRO, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | CAROLINA LIMA RIBEIRO, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | FELIPE DA SILVA SANTOS, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA | DAVID S. SEIGLER, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS | GUILHERME SOUSA DA SILVA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS | MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, CENARGEN | MARCOS VINÍCIUS BATISTA SOARES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL | VANESSA TERRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA.
Caesalpinioideae is the second largest subfamily of legumes (Leguminosae) with ca. 4680 species and 163 genera. It is an ecologically and economically important group formed of mostly woody perennials that range from large canopy emergent trees to functionally herbaceous geoxyles, lianas and shrubs, and which has a global distribution, occurring on every continent except Antarctica. Following the recent re-circumscription of 15 Caesalpinioideae genera as presented in Advances in Legume Systematics 14, Part 1, and using as a basis a phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear gene sequences for 420 species and all but five of the genera currently recognised in the subfamily, we present a new higher-level classification for the subfamily. The new classification of Caesalpinioideae comprises eleven tribes, all of which are either new, reinstated or re-circumscribed at this rank: Caesalpinieae Rchb. (27 genera / ca. 223 species), Campsiandreae LPWG (2 / 5–22), Cassieae Bronn (7 / 695), Ceratonieae Rchb. (4 / 6), Dimorphandreae Benth. (4 / 35), Erythrophleeae LPWG (2 /13), Gleditsieae Nakai (3 / 20), Mimoseae Bronn (100 / ca. 3510), Pterogyneae LPWG (1 / 1), Schizolobieae Nakai (8 / 42–43), Sclerolobieae Benth. & Hook. f. (5 / ca. 113). Although many of these lineages have been recognised and named in the past, either as tribes or informal generic groups, their circumscriptions have varied widely and changed over the past decades, such that all the tribes described here differ in generic membership from those previously recognised. Importantly, the approximately 3500 species and 100 genera of the former subfamily Mimosoideae are now placed in the reinstated, but newly circumscribed, tribe Mimoseae. Because of the large size and ecological importance of the tribe, we also provide a clade-based classification system for Mimoseae that includes 17 named lower-level clades. Fourteen of the 100 Mimoseae genera remain unplaced in these lower-level clades: eight are resolved in two grades and six are phylogenetically isolated monogeneric lineages. In addition to the new classification, we provide a key to genera, morphological descriptions and notes for all 163 genera, all tribes, and all named clades. The diversity of growth forms, foliage, flowers and fruits are illustrated for all genera, and for each genus we also provide a distribution map, based on quality-controlled herbarium specimen localities. A glossary for specialised terms used in legume morphology is provided. This new phylogenetically based classification of Caesalpinioideae provides a solid system for communication and a framework for downstream analyses of biogeography, trait evolution and diversification, as well as for taxonomic revision of still understudied genera.
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