Genetics of adaptation and domestication in livestock
2005
Mignon-Grasteau, Sandrine | Boissy, Alain | Bouix, Jacques, J. | Faure, J.M. | Fisher, A.D. | Hinch, G.N. | Jensen, P. | Le Neindre, Pierre | Mormède, Pierre | Prunet, Patrick | Vandeputte, Marc | Beaumont, Catherine, C. | Unité de Recherches Avicoles (URA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores (URH) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Station d'Amélioration Génétique des Animaux (SAGA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Australia] (CSIRO) | University of New England (UNE) | Linköping University (LIU) | Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Station commune de Recherches en Ichtyophysiologie, Biodiversité et Environnement (SCRIBE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Unité de recherche Génétique des Poissons (UGP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
International audience
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]英语. In this review, we assess the current state of knowledge on domestication of the major livestock species. We present first some historical background on location and dates of domestication of livestock. The characteristics that favoured domestication are described, especially gregariousness, precocity of young and diet. We then describe the genetic processes involved during domestication, i.e. uncontrolled processes such as inbreeding and genetic drift, partially controlled processes such as relaxation of natural selection and natural selection in captivity and controlled processes such as active selection. Details are also given on how the resource allocation theory explains changes occurring during domestication. The methods used to assess the extent to which domestication has changed animals (comparisons of wild and domestic stocks, longitudinal analysis and molecular genetics) are also listed. Finally, major behavioural modifications observed during domestication are described, including relationships with humans and predators, and social, feeding, reproductive and maternal behaviours as well as morphological changes.
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