Micro and nanoplastics in the aquatic environment with special reference to synthetic fibers
2020
Vethaak, André Dirk | Martínez-Gómez, Concepción | Marijnissen, J.C.M. (Jan) | Gradon, L. (León) | Moskal, A. (Arkadiusz) | Martin Wagterveld, R.
Currently, there is great concern for the release of plastic nano- and micro fibers and microparticles (microplastics) to the natural environment for which nobody knows, so far, the ultimate consequences for health and ecological homeostasis. In this chapter book we discuss all known aspects of synthetic nano- and microfibers. This included morphology, physicochemical properties, production and origin of nano/micro fibers entering the atmosphere, water and food chain; exposure and ingress via life cycle for aquatic biota; analytical and measurement methods;
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