Scarabs and other soil pests in Europe: Situation, perspectives and control strategies
2005
Keller, Siegfried | Zimmermann, Gisbert
Scarabs and other soil dwelling pest insects are of increasing importance in Central Europe. In order to get an overview on the present situation, the damages caused, the population development and on the control strategies used, a questionnaire was sent to representatives of several European countries. Answers were obtained from Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, part of France (Lorraine), Germany, Italy (South Tyrolia, Aosta), Poland and Switzerland. The results show, that both Melolontha species occur on about 200 000 ha (M. melolontha on 155 000 ha, M. hippocastani on 43 000 ha) in Europe, while economic damage is caused on about 80 000 ha. The garden chafer, Phyllopertha horticola, is present on 31 000 ha, mainly in Austria, causing economic damage on nearly the same area. Curculionids are important pests in Polish forests on 27 000 ha, while wireworms are of increasing importance in several other European countries occurring on about 9.600 ha. Generally, chemical insecticides, biological (e.g. Beauveria brongniartii) and mechanical means (e.g. rotary hoes, nets) are used for control. – The information received must be considered as incomplete. The necessity for optimisation and installation of monitoring systems is discussed.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]