Estimation of sediment load of Iponan River, Misamis Oriental, Philippines using empirical equation and SWAT+ modeling
2024
Arevalo, E.P.I.
Sedimentation is a process whereby rivers transport and deposit eroded material from various sources. Understanding the sediment transport dynamic is essential to address these challenges. This study aims to estimate the sediment load of the Iponan River [Misamis Oriental, Philippines] using empirical equations and the SWAT+ Model. Sensitivity analysis of the SWAT+ model identified nine critical parameters, including the Pothole Evaporation Coefficient and the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number. Model performance was evaluated using Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and Percent Bias (PBIAS). Predicted river flow, based on data from the Department of Public Works and Highways used in the warm-up period, was validated against observed river flow, resulting in an NSE of 0.968 and a PBIAS of -4.241, indicating an excellent match with slight underestimation. Estimated sediment load, derived from predicted river flow and total sediment load equations, was also validated against observed sediments, achieving an NSE of 0.932 and a PBIAS of -4.546, again showing high accuracy with slight underestimation. These high NSE values and acceptable PBIAS demonstrate that the SWAT+ model is an effective tool for simulating river discharge and sediment load in the Iponan River catchment. Consequently, these findings provide a solid foundation for developing water resource management and sediment control strategies in the Iponan River watershed.
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