Enhancing non-centrifugal cane sugar's clarification process to obtain a low-sugar sweetener
2024
Camelo Rangel, Juan David | Hernandez Carrion, Maria | Rodríguez Cortina, Jader | González Barrios, Andrés Fernando | Mendieta Menjura, Oscar Andrés
Considering the negative health consequences of sugar consumption, the polyols have emerged as promising alternative sweeteners due to their negligible caloric contribution and considerably sweetening capacity. The Stirred-tank (STBR) and shaken flask (SFB) fermentation processes have been proposed in recent researches, as well as, cheaper alternative carbon sources, such as Non-centrifugal Sugar Cane (NCS). This study investigated the use of Non-centrifugal Cane Sugar (NCS), a traditional Colombian product, as a low-cost substrate for producing an alternative sweetener with functional properties and suitable physical quality standards. The research was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the sugar cane juice clarification process was improved by using three natural flocculants ("Cadillo Blanco," "Balso," "Guásimo") and three pH levels (5,5; 6,0; 6,5). Statistical analysis identified "Cadillo Blanco" and a pH of 5,5 as the best treatment, enhancing polyphenol content (2,11 ± 0,18 mg GAE/g NCS), antioxidant properties (DPPH IC50: 707,79 ± 6.27 mg/L; FRAP: 10,2 ± 0.06 mg Trolox eq./g NCS), and reducing acrylamide (29 µg/kg) and glucose levels (0,051 ± 0.004 g glucose/g NCS), while maintaining acceptable color parameters. In the second stage, the biotechnological production of a low-sugar sweetener enriched with polyols was evaluated. A factorial design assessed the effects of two substrates (the improved NCS treatment from first stage and commercial NCS) and two fermentation methods (STBR and SFB). Manufactured NCS in STBR fermentation resulted in the highest concentrations of polyols (L-arabitol: 159,07 ± 0,002 mg/g; erythritol: 17,45 ± 0,001 mg/g), remnant polyphenols (0,96 ± 0,075 mg GAE/g), and antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC50: 860,8 ± 21,4 mg of sample/L; FRAP: 7,78 ± 0,071 mg Trolox eq./g of sample), with suitable physical properties (hygroscopicity: 18,09 ± 1,10g/100g; solubility: 86,1 ± 2,8%). This study highlights NCS as a promising raw material for functional sweetener production, aligning with global trends for healthier food systems.
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