A Review on Extended Producer Responsibility Schemes for Packaging Waste Management and Research Gaps in the Field
2025
Anh, T. T. Y. | Herat, S. | Prasad, K.
Recently, Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes have been considered as potential policies for solid waste management and many countries have applied them. Researchers, authorities, and producers need a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of EPR. Therefore, this literature review aims to review the current research status of EPR implementation on packaging, to highlight actual experiences conducting EPR, and to find research gaps. Results indicate that during the last 5 years, there has been an increase in the amount of research on EPR in packaging and that packaging waste recycling under this scheme is the most considered activity. Additionally, the primary metrics used to assess the efficacy of EPRs are recycling and reducing packaging waste. According to the lessons learned, applying EPR to packaging should take stakeholder engagement, policy design, transparency, and incentive strategy into account. Additionally, knowing the economic effectiveness problems small- and medium-sized packaging companies face, the effectiveness of EPR methods on various materials and geographical areas, and the efficacy of monitoring methods are the main areas that need to be researched.
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