Comparison of the Nutritional Composition of Honey Produced at Same Apiary during Different Harvesting Periods
2024
Choi, H.M. | Woo, S.O. | Kim, S.G. | Kim, H.Y. | Kim, S.K. | Kim, S.M. | Moon, S.W. | Han, S.M.
This study aimed to compare and analyze the nutritional components of honey produced at different harvesting periods in the Wanju region, South Korea, in 2023. Honey samples were collected monthly from April to September from Apis mellifera hives, with the exception of August, when collection was hindered by rainy season. The analyzed nutritional components included moisture, crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrates, ash, minerals, and sugar. The results showed that all honey samples met the Korean honey moisture standard, remaining below 20%. Crude protein content was highest in honey produced in June, likely due to the dominance of chestnut blossoms during this period, which are known for their high protein and mineral content. The analysis of minerals revealed that potassium (K) was the most abundant mineral, with the highest concentration in June’s honey. Additionally, the mineral content of honey was found to be significantly influenced by the type of floral source and environmental conditions, with honey produced during periods of abundant nectar sources showing higher mineral levels. Sugar composition varied by month, with the fructose/glucose ratio indicating that crystallization could occur more readily in honey produced in July, as its ratio was below 1.3. The study also found that the nutritional composition of honey varied significantly depending on whether the honey was naturally sourced or fed with sugar solutions, with notable differences in crude protein, minerals, and sugar composition. Environmental factors, including the availability of surrounding plants, further influenced the nutritional profile.
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