Transcriptomic Analysis of <i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i> Fruit Under Manganese Stress and Mining of Flavonoid Synthesis Genes
2025
Zhiyuan Hu | Yiwang Tang | Jihui Zhang | Taotao Li | Yihan Wang | Yani Huang | Yunlin Zhao | Guiyan Yang | Zhenggang Xu
<i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i> is a deciduous tree with significant economic and medicinal value. It demonstrates notable physiological adaptability to mining areas with severe manganese contamination and is a pioneering species in the field of ecological restoration. Flavonoids are vital secondary metabolites that improve plant resilience to environmental stresses. In the study presented herein, immature and mature fruits of <i>B. papyrifera</i> grown in normal and high manganese environments were used as the test materials. <i>B. papyrifera</i> fruit was subjected to transcriptome sequencing via high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze its flavonoid metabolic pathways and related genes. Transcriptome sequencing identified a total of 46,072 unigenes, with an average length of 1248 bp and a percentage of Q30 bases ranging from 92.45 to 93.17%. Furthermore, 31,792 unigenes (69% of the total) were annotated using eight databases, including the GO and KEGG. Analysis of KEGG metabolic pathways and flavonoid content trends in <i>B. papyrifera</i> fruits revealed four unigenes with strong links to the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway under manganese stress: flavone 3-hydroxylase, flavonoids 3′,5′-O-methyltransferase, chalcone synthase, and flavonol synthase. These unigenes may play important roles in regulating flavonoid synthesis in <i>B. papyrifera</i> fruits under manganese stress. This study lays the groundwork for functional gene research in <i>B. papyrifera</i>.
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