Comparative performance of selected maize (Zea mays L.) for potential local hybrid development
2023
Norfaroha, A.S. | Nakasha, J.J. | Saleh, G.B. | Naharudin, N.S. | Wahid, S.A.
The poultry industry in Malaysia is currently facing challenge on its grain maize supply. This situation is due to the reduction of local supply. Therefore, the poultry industry in Malaysian is relying 75% of grain maize from the import. This study explores new experimental hybrids that are potential as high-yielding grains and be marketed to meet demand from the poultry industry. This study investigated 10 maize genotypes, including five experimental hybrids (GH, GJ, HI, HJ, and JK) and five check varieties (BTL 1, Pacific 338, Suwan 5, TYDC, and GWG888). The study was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The results showed that JK produced the highest dehusked ear weight (177.1 g), dehusked ear diameter (43.94 mm) and kernel rows per ear (15.35 kernel rows) compared to other hybrids. Meanwhile, GWG888 showed the highest dehusked ear length (17.95 cm) and kernels per row (37.24 kernels). However, both hybrids (JK and GWG888) performed at non-significant on its grain weight, 157.7 g/ear and 151.8 g/ear, respectively. Surprisingly, for the grain yield, it was found that Pacific 338 (10,065 kg/ha), JK (9,649 kg/ha), GWG888 (9,292 kg/ha) and HJ (8,738 kg/ha) were recorded to reach the highest total grain yield. Furthermore, the correlation analysis showed significant strong positive correlations between grain weight with dehusked ear weight (r = 0.95). These findings suggest that JK can be used for further analysis by researcher as the future potential hybrid due to its higher yield. Dehusked ear diameter can serve as a reference trait for selecting maize genotypes, as it is positively correlated with kernel rows per ear. However, further studies need to be conducted particularly on the genotype by environment interaction and heritability analysis.
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