Silvopastoral system as a climate-smart alternative for beef production: Enteric methane emission neutralization and animal thermal comfort increase.
2025
BRUNETTI, H. B. | OLIVEIRA, P. P. A. | PEZZOPANE, J. R. M. | BERNARDI, A. C. de C. | GARCIA, A. R. | BERNDT, A. | PEDROSO, A. de F. | LELIS, A. L. J. | MEDEIROS, S. R. de | HENRIQUE BAUAB BRUNETTI, UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO; PATRICIA PERONDI ANCHAO OLIVEIRA, CPPSE; JOSE RICARDO MACEDO PEZZOPANE, CPPSE; ALBERTO CARLOS DE CAMPOS BERNARDI, CPPSE; ALEXANDRE ROSSETTO GARCIA, CPPSE; ALEXANDRE BERNDT, CPPSE; ANDRE DE FARIA PEDROSO, CPPSE; ANA LAURA JANUÁRIO LELIS, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO; SERGIO RAPOSO DE MEDEIROS, CPPSE.
Abstract: CONTEXT: Climate-smart agricultural systems must mitigate climate change and adapt to it. OBJECTIVES: (i) test the ability of a silvopastoral system (SPS) in Brazil to neutralize the CH4 enteric emission by tree carbon (C) assimilation, considering solely the stem-C destined to Products with Higher Added Value (HVAP) and furniture as valid, due to their long-term stability; (ii) test the SPS ability to provide increased animal thermal comfort and; (iii) compare the SPS productivity, animal thermal comfort and CH4 emission with a full sun system (FS). METHODS: The systems had four areas managed under rotational stocking with beef cattle and were established with Piata palisadegrass [Urochloa brizantha Stapf cv. BRS Piata] in 2007. In the SPS, eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus urograndis clone GG100) were planted in 2011, in single east-west oriented rows, with a 15 m x 2 m spacing, and thinned to 15 m x 4 m spacing in 2016. Microclimate data were collected in weather stations to determine the Black Globe and Humidity Index (BGHI). The CH4 enteric emission was estimated using the Tier-2 equation (IPCC Methodological Guide - 2019). Tree height and diameter at breast height were measured every six months from October/2017 to April/2019 to estimate the stem biomass using an allometric equation. The stem biomass was multiplied by its carbon content and by 40 % to consider the break-through yield in sawmill. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: BGHI was lower in the SPS than in the FS. Even considering the stem-C appropriate for HVAP and furniture in a SPS with a stocking rate 256 % greater than the Brazilian average, 77 % of the CH4 enteric emission was offset. When considering all the stem-C, the net C balance was-14.28 Mg CO2 eq. ha- 1 year- 1. SIGNIFICANCE: SPS are interesting alternatives to mitigate climate change while providing satisfactory animal production and increased animal thermal comfort.
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