Immobilized Lipases in the Synthesis of Short-Chain Esters: An Overview of Constraints and Perspectives
2025
Sousa, Ronaldo Rodrigues de | Santos, Michelle M. dos | Medeiros, Matheus W.R. | Manoel, Evelin A. | Berenguer-Murcia, Ángel | Freire, Denise Maria Guimarães | Fernández Lafuente, Roberto | Ferreira-Leitão, Viridiana Santana | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Química Inorgánica | Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Universitario de Materiales | Materiales Carbonosos y Medio Ambiente
Biocatalysis—specifically the use of immobilized lipases—has been proposed as a greener alternative for ester production. Several critical challenges, such as the high cost of biocatalysts, are delaying the industrial implementation of biocatalysis. Moreover, for short-chain ester synthesis, the strong inhibition/inactivation potential of short-chain acids and alcohols on lipases leads to long reaction cycles and/or the need to use organic solvents to overcome the limitations of solvent-free systems and, consequently, the decrease in product concentrations. This review presents an overview of the scientific developments in enzymatic short-chain ester synthesis, compiling the constraints on their syntheses from a process perspective, including insights about key performance indicators (KPI) and economic parameters.
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