Importancia del uso de microorganismos benéficos para el control de enfermedades en cultivo de ciclo cortó en el Ecuador

In this research, the importance of beneficial microorganisms in agriculture is increasingly relevant due to their ability to control diseases as a sustainable alternative in short-cycle crops. The general objective is to establish the importance of the use of beneficial microorganisms in the control of diseases in short-cycle crops in Ecuador. The methodology of the research is determined to be based on collecting information from recent scientific articles, web pages and virtual libraries that allow the development of this study. The results highlight the positive impact of bacteria such as Rhizobium ssp., Azotobacter spp., Azospirillum spp. and Lactobacillus spp. that improve nitrogen fixation and increase soil biomass, likewise, fungi such as Trichoderma spp., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae help control pathogens and pests. The implementation of these microorganisms reduces the dependence on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which optimizes nutrient absorption, increases yields by up to 20% and reduces soil contamination. In conclusion, the use of beneficial microorganisms not only controls diseases in short-cycle crops, but also promotes more sustainable, efficient and profitable agriculture, preserving soil biodiversity and caring for the health of small and medium-sized farmers.

In this research, the importance of beneficial microorganisms in agriculture is increasingly relevant due to their ability to control diseases as a sustainable alternative in short-cycle crops. The general objective is to establish the importance of the use of beneficial microorganisms in the control of diseases in short-cycle crops in Ecuador. The methodology of the research is determined to be based on collecting information from recent scientific articles, web pages and virtual libraries that allow the development of this study. The results highlight the positive impact of bacteria such as Rhizobium ssp., Azotobacter spp., Azospirillum spp. and Lactobacillus spp. that improve nitrogen fixation and increase soil biomass, likewise, fungi such as Trichoderma spp., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae help control pathogens and pests. The implementation of these microorganisms reduces the dependence on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which optimizes nutrient absorption, increases yields by up to 20% and reduces soil contamination. In conclusion, the use of beneficial microorganisms not only controls diseases in short-cycle crops, but also promotes more sustainable, efficient and profitable agriculture, preserving soil biodiversity and caring for the health of small and medium-sized farmers.

En esta investigación la importancia de los microorganismos beneficios en la agricultura es cada vez más relevante debido a su capacidad para el control de las enfermedades como una alternativa sostenible en cultivos de ciclo corto. El objetivo general es establecer la importancia del uso de microorganismos benéficos en el control de enfermedades en cultivos de ciclo corto en el Ecuador. La metodología de la investigación, se determina que se basó en recopilar información de artículos científicos recientes, páginas web y bibliotecas virtuales que permitan el desarrollo de este estudio. Los resultados destacan el impacto positivo de las bacterias como Rhizobium ssp., Azotobacter spp., Azospirillum spp. y Lactobacillus spp. que mejoran la fijación del nitrógeno e incrementan la biomasa del suelo, de igual manera, hongos como Trichoderma spp., Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae ayudan al control de patógenos y plagas. La implementación de estos microorganismos reduce la dependencia de fertilizantes y pesticidas sintéticos, lo cual optimiza la absorción de nutrientes, aumenta los rendimientos hasta en un 20% y disminuye la contaminación del suelo. En conclusion el uso de los microorgansimo benéficos no solo controla enfermedades en cultivos de ciclo corto, sino que tambien, impulsa una agricultura más sostenible, eficiente y rentable, conservando la biodiversidad del suelo y cuidando la salud de los pequeños y medianos agricultores.