Mecanismos de acción de los principales herbicidas preemergentes utilizados en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays) en el Ecuador

Corn (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops worldwide, being a fundamental pillar for the economy, due to its usefulness as food for humans and livestock, this crop is a source of a large number of industrial products. However, its production is constantly threatened by competition from weeds, which significantly reduce yields and grain quality, limiting crop productivity. In this sense, knowledge of the intervention of the mechanisms of action of pre-emergent herbicides plays an important role, since their application occurs before the germination of weeds, preventing their development and growth. Therefore, the objective of this study focuses on determining the mechanisms of action of the main pre-emergent herbicides used in corn (Zea mays) cultivation in Ecuador. To carry out this document, a meticulous collection of updated information was carried out, covering scientific articles, websites and virtual libraries. The most common pre-emergence herbicides were found to be those containing active ingredients such as atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor and pendimethalin. It was concluded that the mechanisms of action of pre-emergence herbicides are based on the inhibition of processes essential for weed survival, such as cell division, photosynthesis and amino acid synthesis.

Corn (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops worldwide, being a fundamental pillar for the economy, due to its usefulness as food for humans and livestock, this crop is a source of a large number of industrial products. However, its production is constantly threatened by competition from weeds, which significantly reduce yields and grain quality, limiting crop productivity. In this sense, knowledge of the intervention of the mechanisms of action of pre-emergent herbicides plays an important role, since their application occurs before the germination of weeds, preventing their development and growth. Therefore, the objective of this study focuses on determining the mechanisms of action of the main pre-emergent herbicides used in corn (Zea mays) cultivation in Ecuador. To carry out this document, a meticulous collection of updated information was carried out, covering scientific articles, websites and virtual libraries. The most common pre-emergence herbicides were found to be those containing active ingredients such as atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor and pendimethalin. It was concluded that the mechanisms of action of pre-emergence herbicides are based on the inhibition of processes essential for weed survival, such as cell division, photosynthesis and amino acid synthesis.

El maíz (Zea mays) es uno de los cultivos más importantes a nivel mundial, siendo un pilar fundamental para la económica, debido a su utilidad como alimento para humanos y ganado este cultivo es fuente de un gran número de productos industriales. Sin embargo, su producción se ve constantemente amenazada por la competencia de arvenses, las cuales reducen significativamente los rendimientos y la calidad del grano, limitando la productividad del cultivo. En este sentido, el conocimiento de la intervención de los mecanismos de acción de los herbicidas preemergentes juegan un papel importante, ya que su aplicación surge antes de la germinación de las malezas, evitando su desarrollo y crecimiento. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio se centra Determinar los mecanismos de acción de los principales herbicidas preemergentes utilizados en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays) en el Ecuador. Para llevar a cabo el presente documento, se realizó una meticulosa recopilación de información actualizada, abarcando artículos científicos, sitios web y bibliotecas virtuales. Se obtuvo como resultado que, los herbicidas preemergentes más comunes son los que contienen ingredientes activos a base de atrazina, de acetoclor, de metolaclor y de pendimetalina. Se concluyó que, los mecanismos de acción de los herbicidas preemergentes se fundamentan en la inhibición de procesos esenciales para la supervivencia de las arvenses, tales como la división celular, la fotosíntesis y la síntesis de aminoácidos.