Tomato Lines Tolerant to Sodium Chloride at Early Growth Stages
2025
Alma Aurora Deanda-Tovar | Juan Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez | Jaime Sahagún-Castellanos | María Teresa Beryl Colinas-y-León | Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez | Ana Elizabeth Paredes-Cervantes
High concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) in soil and water are increasingly common conditions in tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) production that impair the development and yield of this crop, generating the need for tolerant varieties. This research aimed to identify tomato lines tolerant to salinity during germination and early seedling development. A standard germination test was carried out in which 93 lines were evaluated under conditions of 0 and 80 mM NaCl for 12 days in a germination chamber with a temperature of 28 ± 1 °C and relative humidity of 80 ± 5%. At the seedling stage, 88 lines were evaluated under conditions of 0 and 150 mM NaCl in a floating raft system. During germination, saline conditions decreased germination percentage (37%), plumule (43%) and radicle (47%) length, dry matter (44%) and germination rate index (70%). At the seedling stage, NaCl decreased (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) plant height (44%) and leaf area (50%), without modifying root, aerial and total dry matter or root length. Twenty-eight tolerant lines were identified at germination and twenty-three at the seedling stage, seven of which were tolerant at both stages. This implies that salinity tolerance mechanisms differ in the developmental stages studied and makes it possible to combine these mechanisms to prolong tolerance during plant development.
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