Investigation on amitraz, coumaphos and thymol concentrations in honey produced by Slovenian beekeepers in 2020 | Raziskava o koncentracijah amitraza, kumafosa in timola v medu slovenskih čebelarjev v letu 2020

英语. A survey on concentrations of veterinary drug residues amitraz, coumaphos and thymol in honey, produced in year 2020 by Slovenian beekeepers, was conducted. 100 samples were analysed: 22 from organic and 78 from conventional production, with two analytical methods. In method for determination of coumaphos and thymol samples were extracted with acetone, petroleumether and dichlorometane. In method for determination of amitraz and its degradation products, samples were hydrolisated with HCl and NaOH, extractied with n-hexane and derivatisated with heptafluorobutyric anhydride. Determination in both methods was performed with gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometer. Measured concentrations of amitraz, coumaphos and thymol were in the range of 0.01-0.12 mg kg-1, 0.02-0.06 mg kg-1 and 0.08-0.17 mg kg-1, respectively. In 61 % of samples analysed no residues of amitraz, thymol and coumaphos were found. Data obtained were compared with the data from literature. Chronic and acute exposure were calculated for consumers. Maximum chronic exposure for amitraz and thymol was 0.1 % and 0.05 % of acceptable daily intake, respectively. Maximum acute exposure for amitraz and thymol was 4 % and 0.8 % of acute reference dose, respectively

斯洛文尼亚语. Izvedli smo raziskavo v kateri smo spremljali ostanke veterinarskih zdravil: amitraza, kumafosa in timola v medu, ki so ga slovenski čebelarji pridelali v letu 2020. Analizirali smo 100 vzorcev: 22 iz ekološke in 78 iz konvencionalne pridelave, z dvema analiznima metodama. Pri metodi za določanje kumafosa in timola smo vzorce ekstrahirali z acetonom, petroletrom in diklorometanom. Pri metodi za določanje amitraza in njegovih razpadnih produktov, smo vzorce hidrolizirali s HCl in NaOH, ekstrahirali z n-heksanom in jih derivatizirali z heptafluorobutiričnim anhidridom. Določevanje je pri obeh metodah potekalo s plinskim kromatografom sklopljenim z masnim spektrometrom. Izmerjene koncentracije amitraza, kumafosa in timola so bile v območju 0,01-0,12 mg kg-1, 0,02-0,06 mg kg-1 oziroma 0,08-0,17 mg kg-1. V 61 % analiziranih vzorcev, nismo določili amitraza, kumafosa in timola. Pridobljene podatke smo primerjali s podatki iz literature. Izračunali smo kronično in akutno izpostavljenost za potrošnike. Maksimalna kronična izpostavljenost za amitraz in timol je bila 0,1 % oziroma 0,05 % sprejemljivega dnevnega vnosa. Maksimalna akutna izpostavljenost za amitraz in timol pa je bila 4 % oziroma 0,8 % akutne referenčne doze.