Effect of fertilisers on yield, water consumption and energy capacity of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) | Učinek gnojil na pridelek, porabo vode in vsebnost energije pri navadnem sirku za zrnje (Sorghum bicolor L.)

英语. This study aimed to determine how fertiliser rates affect biological yield, water use, and energy capacity of grain sorghum. Field experiment was conducted at the Uladovo-Lyulynetsk Research and Selection Station (49° 35ˈ N, 28° 24ˈ E) in 2017–2021. Trial was arranged using a randomized experimental design in four replications with a seeding plot area of 62 m2, a harvesting area of 50 m2. The investigated factors were: control, without fertiliser, winter wheat straw at the rate of 4 t ha-1 as a background, mineral fertilisers at rates of N60Р60К60, N90Р90К90, N120Р120К120 and the estimated rate of N105Р35К60. Grain sorghum produced high yields of biomass on black soils against the background of natural fertility with a yield of grain – 5.96 t ha-1, stems – 30.3 t ha-1. Application straw and mineral fertilisers ensured efficient moisture consumptions by plants. Estimated fertilisers rate N105P35K60 against the background of 4 t ha-1 of straw provided similar productivity of sorghum with the maximal rate of N120P120K120 and can be recommended for fertilising as more cost-effective. This fertilisation increased grain yield - by 35 %, bio-ethanol output - by 41 %, solid biofuel - by 17 %, total energy output - by 23 %.

斯洛文尼亚语. Namen raziskave je bil določiti učinek odmerkov gnojil na biološki pridelek, porabo vode in energetsko vsebnost navadnega sirka za zrnje. Poljski poskus je potekal na Uladovo-Lyulynetsk Research and Selection Station (49° 35' N, 28° 24' E) v rastnih sezonah 2017–2021. Poskus je potekal kot naključni poskus s štirimi ponovitvami s površino setve 62 m2 in površino žetve 50 m2. Obravnavanja so obsegala: kontrola brez gnojil, slama ozimne pšenice v odmerku 4 t ha-1 kot ozadje, mineralna gnojila v odmerkih N60Р60К60, N90Р90К90, N120Р120К120 in ocenjen odmerek N105Р35К60. Sirek za zrnje je imel velik pridelek biomase na črnih tleh kot ozadju naravne rodovitnosti s pridelkom zrnja 5.96 t ha-1 in stebel 30.3 t ha-1. Uporaba slame in mineralnih gnojil je zagotovila zadostno vlago za potrebe rastlin. Ocenjen odmerek gnojila N105Р35К60 in uporaba slame v odmerku 4 t ha-1 sta dala podobno produktivnost sirka z največjo vrednostjo z odmerkom mineralnih gnojil N120Р120К120, kar bi lahko priporočili za cenovno učinkovito gnojenje. Takšno gnojenje je  povečalo pridelek zrnja za 35 %, bioetanola za 41 %, goriva iz slame za 17 % in celokupni energetki izkopiček za 23 %.