Biochemical Composition of Tubers of New Russian Potato Cultivars
2024
Alla Solovyeva | Elena Rogozina | Nadezhda Chalaya | Maksim Sitnikov
Fourteen Russian potato cultivars (cvs.) grown for three years in the field plots of VIR (North-Western region of the Russian Federation) were evaluated annually for productivity and 12 biochemical parameters of tubers one month after harvesting and after cold storage (at 2&ndash:4 °:C). The aim of this study was to quantify the level of biochemical components in tubers and to determine the influence of the environment on their content. The results indicated a substantial variation in different nutrients in potatoes during cultivation for three consecutive years. The nutritional value of tubers (the content of dry matter, sugars, starch and protein) was determined to a greater extent (38&ndash:49%) by varietal characteristics, rather than by meteorological conditions in the vegetation period. The content of vitamin C, carotenoids, protein and anthocyanins varied depending on the year. Of the cultivars, &lsquo:Kumach&rsquo: has the highest productivity, but the nutritional value of tubers is lower than that of standard &lsquo:Nayada&rsquo:. Cv. &lsquo:Fioletovyi&rsquo: is suitable for consumption as part of a low-calorie diet because of a low amount of starch (11.8&ndash:12.7%) and a higher anthocyanins content (102.0&ndash:103.9 mg/100 g). Cv. &lsquo:Sokur&rsquo: is distinguished by its high nutrition because of its high content of dry matter (24.3%) and protein (more than 2.0%). Cv. &lsquo:Plamya&rsquo: is remarkable for the lowest content of reducing sugars (0.24&ndash:0.47%) in tubers during the post-harvest and post-storage analysis.
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