Pulsed Electric Field for Quick-Cooking Rice: Impacts on Cooking Quality, Physicochemical Properties, and In Vitro Digestion Kinetics
2024
Saban Thongkong | Supaluck Kraithong | Jaspreet Singh | Pipat Tangjaidee | Artit Yawootti | Wannaporn Klangpetch | Pornchai Rachtanapun | Saroat Rawdkuen | Suphat Phongthai
Pulsed electric field (PEF) is one of the emerging technologies that has been applied in many aspects of the food industry. This study examined the impacts of a PEF on the cooking quality, physicochemical properties, nutritional factors, and in vitro protein and starch digestion of two varieties of rice, including Jasmine 105 (white non-glutinous rice) and San Pa Tong 1 (white glutinous rice). Response surface methodology (RSM) and a three-level, three-factor Box&ndash:Behnken design were employed to assess the effects of the pulse number, electric field strength, and frequency on cooking time. The findings demonstrated that the number of pulses was a crucial factor influencing cooking time. Under optimal conditions (3347&ndash:4345 pulses, electric field strengths of 6&ndash:8 kV/cm, and frequencies ranging from 6 to 15 Hz), the rice cooking time was significantly reduced by 40&ndash:50% (p <: 0.05) when compared to a conventional method. Moreover, PEF-treated rice showed a significant enhancement in in vitro protein and starch digestibility (p <: 0.05), as well as retained a higher content of rapidly digestible starch. These results suggested that PEF treatment is a promising green technology for producing a novel quick-cooking rice with an improved eating quality.
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