Variability and Trends in Spring Precipitation in the Central Sector of the Iberian Peninsula (1941–2020): The Central System and Southern Iberian System
2025
David Espín-Sánchez | Fernando Allende-Álvarez | Nieves López-Estébanez | Jorge Olcina-Cantos
The reduction in and irregularity of spring precipitation in Iberian latitudes over the past few decades are well-documented. This study analyses the behaviour of the accumulated series of monthly and annual spring precipitation for a broad section of the central-eastern part of the peninsula between Plasencia (Western Central System) and the south-eastern part of the Iberian System over the past 70 years. The area was chosen in accordance with the layout of the mountain systems and watersheds that cross the Iberian Peninsula from the west to east. Ten-year series and trends in the precipitation values accumulated between 1951 and 2020 provided by the AEMET were analysed together with their relationship with the pressure values for the same dates modelled by the Copernicus Climate Change Service. The totals obtained show an increasing weight regarding spring precipitation for the eastern sector (40&ndash:44%) and a gradual reduction in the west (30%). These percentages show the positive trend of the ten-year values for the easternmost sector. Spring precipitation increases are observed in the easternmost areas (7 mm/decade), while the central and western sectors generally show declining values (&minus:35 mm/decade). The atmospheric pressure at height (Z500) and surface level (Z1000) were analysed together with their relationship with accumulated precipitation, revealing a clear trend of a dominance of high pressures in Z500.
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