Multiple environmental benefits of alternate wetting and drying irrigation system with limited yield impact on European rice cultivation: The Ebre Delta case
2021
Martínez-Eixarch, Maite | Alcaraz, Carles | Guàrdia, Mercè | Català-Forner, Mar | Bertomeu, Andrea | Monaco, Stefano | Cochrane, Nicole | Oliver, Viktoria | Teh, Yit Arn | Courtois, Brigitte | Price, Adam H. | Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA) | Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) | CREA - Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops | University of Aberdeen | Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences ; University of Aberdeen | Newcastle University [Newcastle] | School of Natural and Environmental Sciences ; Newcastle University | Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | This research was supported by the Joint Programming Initiative on Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change FACCE-JPI (Joint Programming Initiative on Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change) project GreenRice (Sustainable and environmentally friendly rice cultivation systems in Europe, ref. 618105), which for M.M-E and M.C-F. was awarded through the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA); and for AHP, YAT, VO and NC was awarded through BBSRC grant BB/M018415/1. The support of the CERCA (Institution of Research Centres of Catalonia) Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya is also acknowledged. | ANR-14-JFAC-0005,GreenRice,Sustainable and environmental friendly rice cultivation systems in Europe(2014)
International audience
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]英语. Highlights: • AWD irrigation reduced CH4 emissions and GWP by 90%. • AWD reduced grain Arsenic concentration by 40%. • Grain yield was maintained under AWD safely implemented.Abstract: The AWD is an irrigation technology for rice cultivation, consisting in implementing alternate draining and flooded periods over the growing season, that delivers multiple environmental benefits, such as reduced water consumption, CH4 emissions and arsenic (As) grain content, but can be offset by yield losses. The trade-offs between the agronomic and environmental effects of AWD are crop context-dependent and they also vary among the different versions of AWD studied. Therefore, the implementation of a safe AWD needs to be preceded by studies conducted within a specific rice cropping system. A two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of AWD on grain yield, As and heavy metal content in grains, and greenhouse gas emissions in nine representative European rice cultivars grown in a Mediterranean growing area. The experiment was performed in a split-plot design with four replications. The study revealed a significant cultivar effect on the agronomic response to AWD. Among the studied cultivars, one of them performed as tolerant to AWD while a group formed by four cultivars showed slight non-significant yield decline. AWD significantly reduced CH4 emissions and the global warming potential by 90% being such a large mitigation capacity explained by the negligible N2O emissions found in both water treatments. Finally, the implementation of AWD significantly reduced by ca. 40% As grain concentration but increased cadmium content, though the levels remained below the recommended thresholds. Further, AWD increased key nutritional elements like cupper, selenium, and zinc. In conclusion, this study confirms that AWD can be safely implemented in Mediterranean rice cultivation conditions with limited or null yield impact while obtaining the associated environmental benefits of this practice.
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