Exposure assessment to ochratoxin A in Catalonia (Spain) based on consumption of cereals, nuts, coffee, wine, and beer

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英语. Ochratoxin A (OTA) was analysed in composite samples of cereal-based baby foods, beer, breakfast cereals (corn- and rice and wheat-based), loaf bread, peanuts, and pistachios. Foodstuffs were collected in hypermarkets and supermarkets of twelve cities of the Spanish region of Catalonia, and composite samples were prepared for analysis: liquid-liquid extraction, followed by immunoaffinity column clean-up and HPLC-fluorescence detection. Consumption data of the selected foodstuffs were collected by means of a food frequency questionnaire. The studied population was grouped by age in infants, children, adolescents, and adults, and exposure to OTA through the mentioned foodstuffs, and through wine and coffee, was assessed. Exposure assessment was done through deterministic and probabilistic modelling of the contamination and consumption data. OTA occurrence and mean of positive samples (ng g^-1 or ng mL^-1 , for beer) were the following: 8.7% and 0.233 in baby foods; 88.7% and 0.022 in beer; 2.8% and 0.728 in corn-based breakfast cereals; 25% and 0.293 in wheat-based breakfast cereals; 12.9% and 0.283 in loaf bread; 41.7% and 0.241 in peanuts; 2.9% and 0.228 in pistachios. The median estimated daily intake of OTA through the considered foodstuffs by each age group was below the latest provisional tolerable daily intakes (PTDIs) of 17 and 14 ng kg^-1 bw day^-1 recommended by EFSA (2006) and JECFA (2007), respectively, ranging from 1 and 2% of those values in adolescents and children, to 3 and 11% in adults and infants.