Efektivitas Penggunaan Pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) | Effectiveness of Using Organic Fertilizers and Biofertilizers on the Growth and Production of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill).

Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) merupakan komoditas pangan yang berperan sebagai sumber protein nabati bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Tingginya kebutuhan kedelai membuat peningkatan produksi perlu dilakukan, yaitu dengan memperbaiki tingkat kesuburan tanah melalui pemupukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi dosis pupuk P serta penambahan pupuk organik/hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Sawah Baru IPB pada November 2024 hingga Maret 2025. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan RKLT (Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak) faktorial. Faktor pertama berupa dosis pupuk P yang terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu 50% (D1) dan 100% (D2). Faktor kedua berupa pupuk organik/hayati yang terdiri dari empat taraf, yaitu kontrol (P0), asam humat (P1), mikoriza arbuskula (P2), dan kombinasi keduanya (P3). Pemberian dosis pupuk P mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan jumlah buku 2 MST, jumlah cabang 4 dan 6 MST, serta jumlah biji rusak. Aplikasi pupuk organik/hayati meningkatkan jumlah buku 2 MST, jumlah cabang 4 MST, bobot kering brangkasan batang, jumlah dan bobot biji per tanaman, jumlah biji normal dan keriput, serta persentase biji normal, keriput, dan rusak. Terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara dosis pupuk P dan pupuk organik/hayati terhadap jumlah cabang 6 MST dan 10 MST.

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a food crop that serves as a source of protein from plant sources for the Indonesian population. The high demand for soybeans makes it necessary to increase production by improving soil fertility through fertilization. This study aims to analyze the effect of a combination of P fertilizer doses and the addition of organic and biological fertilizers on the growth and production of soybean plants. The experiment was conducted at the Sawah Baru IPB Experimental Station from November 2024 to March 2025. The experiment used a Factorial RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design). The first factor was the P fertilizer dose consisting of two levels, namely 50% (D1) and 100% (D2). The second factor was organic fertilizer and biofertilizer consisting of four levels, namely control (P0), humic acid (P1), arbuscular mycorrhiza (P2), and a combination of both (P3). The application of P fertilizer was able to increase the number of nodes 2 WAP, the number of branches 4 and 6 WAP, and the number of damaged seeds. The application of organic/biological fertilizer increased the number of nodes 2 WAP, the number of branches 4 WAP, the dry weight of the stem stump, the number and weight of seeds per plant, the number of normal and wrinkled seeds, and the percentage of normal, wrinkled, and damaged seeds. There was an interaction effect between the doses of P fertilizer and organic/biological fertilizer on the number of branches 6 WAP and 10 WAP.

Pribadi