Behavioral Disruption in Brachionus plicatilis Exposed to Bisphenol A: A Locomotion-Based Assessment
2025
Quang-Anh Tran | Nhat-Truong Phan | Quynh-Anh Tran-Nguyen | Hong Thi Mai | Thao Linh Thi Phan | Mau Trinh-Dang
This study investigates the effects of Bisphenol A (BPA)&mdash:a ubiquitous endocrine disruptor&mdash:on the swimming behavior of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Across a 0&ndash:40 ppm gradient, a biphasic response was observed, with swimming speed peaking at 20 ppm (100.42 ±: 12.17 µ:m/s) and then significantly declining by 43% to 57.58 ±: 30.59 µ:m/s at 40 ppm (Tukey, p <: 0.05). Speed&ndash:frequency plots revealed co-existing hyper- and hypoactive sub-populations at 10&ndash:30 ppm, whereas severe inhibition dominated at 40 ppm. Additionally, temporal analysis confirmed that BPA effects were both concentration- and time-dependent, with the mean speed at 10 ppm declining only slightly over time (slope &asymp: &minus:0.8), whereas at 40 ppm, the decrease was an order of magnitude steeper (slope &asymp: &minus:16.9). Additionally, BPA exposure also triggered a sharp rise in abrupt turns (582.53 ±: 477.55 events) and greater path sinuosity, consistent with neuromuscular disturbance. These findings demonstrate that rotifer locomotion provides an early and sensitive indicator of environmental BPA exposure.
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