Production and Potential Genetic Pathways of Three Different Siderophore Types in <i>Streptomyces tricolor</i> Strain HM10
2022
Medhat Rehan | Hassan Barakat | Ibtesam S. Almami | Kamal A. Qureshi | Abdullah S. Alsohim
Siderophores are iron-chelating low-molecular-weight compounds that bind iron (Fe<sup>3+</sup>) with a high affinity for transport into the cell. The newly isolated strain <i>Streptomyces tricolor</i> HM10 secretes a pattern of secondary metabolites. Siderophore molecules are the representatives of such secondary metabolites. <i>S. tricolor</i> HM10 produces catechol, hydroxamate, and carboxylate types of siderophores. Under 20 μM FeCl<sub>3</sub> conditions, <i>S. tricolor</i> HM10 produced up to 6.00 µg/mL of catechol siderophore equivalent of 2,3-DHBA (2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid) after 4 days from incubation. In silico analysis of the <i>S. tricolor</i> HM10 genome revealed three proposed pathways for siderophore biosynthesis. The first pathway, consisting of five genes, predicted the production of catechol-type siderophore similar to petrobactin from <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> str. Ames. The second proposed pathway, consisting of eight genes, is expected to produce a hydroxamate-type siderophore similar to desferrioxamine B/E from <i>Streptomyces sp.</i> ID38640, <i>S. griseus</i> NBRC 13350, and/or <i>S. coelicolor</i> A3(2). The third pathway exhibited a pattern identical to the carboxylate xanthoferrin siderophore from <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i>. Thus, <i>Streptomyces</i> strain HM10 could produce three different types of siderophore, which could be an incentive to use it as a new source for siderophore production in plant growth-promoting, environmental bioremediation, and drug delivery strategy.
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