Synthesis of Tungsten Oxide Nanoflakes and Their Antibacterial and Photocatalytic Properties
2023
Sarinthip Thanakkasaranee | Gopinath Kasi | Sivasamy Kadhiravan | Ayyakannu Arumugam | Khalid A. Al-Ghanim | Mian Nadeem Riaz | Marimuthu Govindarajan
This current work revealed a single-step fabrication of tungsten oxide nanoflakes (WO<sub>3</sub> NFs) with the help of <i>Terminalia arjuna</i> bark extract. Bioactive phytoconstituents of <i>T. arjuna</i> bark extract were involved in the nucleation process and promoted the material crystalline growth in a particular direction. The as-prepared sample thermal decomposition was analyzed by TG/DTG. The as-prepared sample was annealed at 300 °C for 2 h, and the annealed sample was characterized by UV-Vis-DRS, FTIR, Raman, XRD, SEM, EDX, and TEM. Synthesized WO<sub>3</sub> samples showed a monoclinic phase of the flake-like structure with lengths of 25~230 nm and diameters of 25~120 nm. The WO<sub>3</sub> NFs were evaluated against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. Over 3 mg concentrations of WO<sub>3</sub> NFs outperform the positive control in antibacterial activity. The pseudo-first-order kinetics of the WO<sub>3</sub> NFs enhanced the photocatalytic performance of methylene blue (MB). These results prove that WO<sub>3</sub> NFs have sustainable performance in antibacterial and MB degradation applications.
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