Different sources and levels of vegetable oils in broiler chicken nutrition | Različiti izvori i nivoi ulja u ishrani brojlera

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soybean, flax and rapeseed oil on productive performance and carcass quality of broilers chickens. At the beginning of the experiment six groups of 40 one day-old chicks, hybrid line Cobb 500 was formed, with five replications. For nutrition two feed mixtures were used. During the first two weeks, in preparation period, chickens were fed with starter mixture, and then with grower mixture until the end of the experiment. Control group was fed with mixture of standard composition and quality based on corn and soybean meal with the addition of 4% and 8% soybean oil, while the experimental group included 4% and 8% flaxseed oil and 4% and 8% rapeseed oil. The experiment lasted 35 days. During the experimental period, chickens were fed and watered ad libitum and microclimatic conditions were constantly monitored. Control of body weight and feed consumption was carried out every seven days. At the end of the experiment 10 chickens from each group were sacrificed for the purpose of testing the carcass quality. Upon completion of the experiment, control group achieved weight of 2122g and 2053g, and the experimental group with flax oil 2164g and 2094g, and the group with rapeseed oil weighs of 2121g and 2081g. Chickens on treatment with 4% flax oil in the diet achieved significantly higher body mass (P (lt) 0.05) at the end of the experiment compared with the groups who were on treatment with 8% rapeseed and soybean oil. Soybean oil at a rate of 4% showed significantly (P (lt) 0.05) increased final body weight compared to body mass of chicks in a group with the addition of 8% soybean oil. Feed conversion ratio was lowest in the group with the addition of 4% flax oil and rapeseed oil, and the highest in the group with the addition of 8% flax oil. The differences found in the carcass quality between the control and experimental groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The largest amount of abdominal fat (18.9 g) was in the group with the addition of 4% rapeseed oil and lowest in the group with the addition of 8% soybean oil (12.6 g). Based on these results it can be concluded that the addition of 4% oil showed better productive results, but had no effect on carcass quality of chickens.

Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita efekat ulja soje, lana i uljane repice na proizvodne parametre i kvalitet trupa brojlera. Na početku ogleda formirano je šest grupa sa po 40 jednodnevnih pilića linijskog hibrida Cobb 500, u pet ponavljanja. Za ishranu su korišćene dve smeše. Tokom prve dve nedelje pripremnog perioda, za ishranu pilića je korišćena starter, a potom grover smeša do kraja eksperimenta. Kontrolna grupa je hranjena smešom standardnog sastava i kvaliteta na bazi sojine sačme i kukuruza sa dodatkom 4% i 8% ulja soje, dok je u eksperimentalnim grupama bilo uključeno 4% i 8% lanenog ulja, odnosno 4% i 8% ulja repice. Ogled je trajao 35 dana. U toku eksperimentalnog perioda piliću su hranjeni i napajani po volji, a mikroklimatski uslovi redovno kontrolisani. Kontrola telesne mase i utroška hrane je vršena svakih sedam dana. Na kraju eksperimenta žrtvovano je po 10 pilića iz svake grupe za potrebe ispitivanja kvaliteta trupa. Po završetku eksperimentalnog perioda, kontrolna grupa je ostvarila masu od 2122g i 2053g, a ogledne grupe sa uljem lana 2164g i 2094g, dok su grupe sa repičinim uljem ostvarile masu od 2121g i 2081g. Pilići na tretmanu sa 4% ulja lana u ishrani ostvarili su statistički značajno veću telesnu masu (P (lt) 0,05) na kraju eksperimenta u poređenju sa grupama koje su bile na tretmanu sa 8% ulja repice i soje. Ulje soje u količini od 4% je takođe statistički značajno (P (lt) 0,05) uticalo na povećanje završne telesne mase u poređenju sa telesnom masom pilića u grupi sa dodatkom 8% sojinog ulja. Konverzija hrane je bila najniža u grupi sa dodatkom 4% ulja lana i uljane repice, a najviša u grupi sa dodatkom 8% ulja lana. Utvrđene razlike u kvalitetu trupa između kontrolne i oglednih grupa nisu bile statistički značajne (P>0,05). Najveća količina abdominalne masti (18,9g) je u grupi sa dodatkom 4% ulja repice, a najmanja u grupi sa dodatkom 8% ulja soje (12,6g). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da je dodatak 4% ulja ispoljio bolje prozvodne rezulate, ali nije uticao na kvalitet trupa pilića.