Investigation of the Origanum majorana L. extract and Bacillus pulimus probiotics in modulating cortisol and alleviating anxiety in rat model
2025
Benine, Chaima | Laiche, Ammar | Mansouri, Amira | Zoubeidi, Djihad
This study investigates a natural remedy for anxiety and depression using Origanum majorana L. plant extract and Bacillus pumilus probiotic bacteria in a preclinical rat model. The ingredients were sourced from the El-Oued region. A hydroethanolic extract was prepared from the aerial parts of O. majorana, yielding 24.05%. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of polyphenols (98.97 ? 0.007 mg GAE/gE) and flavonoids (55.61 ? 0.004 mg QE/gE). Antioxidant activity was assessed using the FRAP and DPPH assays, demonstrating significant activity with IC50 DPPH and EC50 FRAP values of 4.256 ? 1.416 ?g/mL and 1.234 ? 0.389 mg/g, respectively. This antioxidant potential strongly correlated with the polyphenol and flavonoid content. Behavioral tests, including the forced swimming test and the elevated plus maze test, showed improved stress and anxiety responses in mice treated with both O. majorana extract and probiotics. Additionally, cortisol level measurements indicated reduced stress in the treated groups. These preclinical findings suggest that this natural preparation may serve as a promising future treatment for anxiety and depression.
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