Influência do momento da sanitização de ovos de ninho e de cama sobre a qualidade microbiológica, incubação e desempenho de frangos de corte

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the time of sanitization by fumigation of clean fertile nest eggs and floor eggs from broiler breeders of the Cobb strain at 62 weeks of age on how microbiological counts of the shell surface and egg content, yield incubation rate, quality of chick post-hatch, microbiological counts of yolk sac and cecal content of chick post-hatch and the performance of the progeny. A total of 3344 eggs were used to evaluate the incubation parameters, 312 1-day-old chicks for performance evaluation and 128 egg for microbiological evaluation, divided into a 2x2 factorial arrangement with two types of eggs (clean nest eggs or floor eggs) and two moments of sanitization (30 minutes or 2 hours after collection). Swabs were smeared on the surfaces of strategic points in the aviary (nests, mats, floor) and microbiological analysis of the shell and content of the eggs before the application of the treatments. These collections and analyzes were used to characterize the microbiota present in the breeding areas of the broiler breeders, as well as in the eggshell and content of the eggs at the time of experimentation. Sanitizing clean nest eggs 30 minutes after collection significantly reduced the count of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria and enterobacteria in the yolk sac, as well as the count of lactic acid bacteria in the cecal content (P<0.05). Floor eggs sanitized 30 minutes after collection increased the count of total mesophilic bacteria and enterobacteria in the yolk sac, in addition to the count of lactic acid bacteria in the cecal content (P<0.05). Regarding the incubation yield, floor eggs, regardless of the time of sanitation, showed a higher index of contaminated eggs during incubation. In addition, clean nest eggs sanitized 30 minutes after collection showed higher initial mortality (0 to 7 days) (P<0.05). Floor eggs sanitized two hours after collection showed higher initial embryonic mortality (0 a 7) (P<0,05). Chicks from clean nest eggs showed less viability at 7 days of age than chicks from floor eggs (P<0.05). Regarding progeny performance, chicks from sanitized floor eggs two hours after collection showed less viability and a lower production efficiency index (IEP) at 35 days of age (P<0.05). The genus Salmonella was not identified in the recommended treatments; however, the genus Pseudomonas was identified. The study showed potential for the time to sanitize floor eggs up to 30 minutes after collection, with a positive influence on the performance of the progeny that showed greater viability and Productive Efficiency Index at 35 days than sanitized floor eggs two hours after collection.