Chemical profile and microbiological activity of essential oil from Persea venosa: an endemic species from Brazilian Flora
2025
Leonardo de Assunção Pinto | Julia Chaves Scaffo | Francisco Paiva Machado | Ricardo Santos Esteves | Victor Moebus | Renata Freire Alves Pereira | Caio Pinho Fernandes | Fabio Aguiar Alves | Luiz Antônio Moura Keller | Leandro Rocha
Abstract The Persea venosa belongs to the Lauraceae family, whose essential oils exhibit diverse bioactivity, including against significant pathogens such as bacteria and fungi of medical interest and/or contribute to food spoilage. Consequently, essential oils are recognized as viable alternatives for developing sustainable antimicrobials. In this study, essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation from the leaves of P. venosa and analyzed in gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Microbiological assays were conducted at concentrations up to 2,048 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus; S. epidermidis; Escherichia coli; Enterobacter cloacae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Aspergillus flavus; A. parasiticus, and A. westerdjikiae. The extraction yielded 0.10% (w/w) in which sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were identified (90.23%), with β-caryophyllene being the predominant substance at 38.59%. This composition aligns with the literature. The highest tested concentration exhibited inhibitory effects against all bacterial strains. The P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1,024 µg/mL. Bactericidal activity was only observed in S. epidermidis in a high concentration, the maximum tested. No antifungal activity was detected at any tested concentration. The present study highlights the antimicrobial effect of P. venosa essential oil (although only in high concentrations), being the first report of the activity related to the species.
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