An inactivated oil-based Newcastle disease vaccine was prepared using Mukteswar vaccine strain. The virus was propagated in 10-day old embryonating eggs and inactivated by 0.12% formalin for 48 hours at 37 degree C. The vaccine was formulated with 1 part antigen (aqueous phase) and 4 parts oil base. The oil base contained Tween-80 1%, Arlacel-A 10% and Mineral oil 89%. The stability of the vaccine was found satisfactory after 6 months and its viscosity and injectability was fairly ideal. The antigenicity of the vaccine was determined in 16 week-old pullets. The seromonitoring of the vaccinated and the control pullets was carried out for three months post- vaccination by Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Blood samples were taken at fortnightly intervals. The Geometric mean HI titre of the vaccinated pullets on the day of vaccination 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days post- vaccination was 18.4, 4.9, 87.5, 192.3, 257.6, 111.4, 91.7, 63.9 and 30.0. However, in non-vaccinated control pullets it was found to be 18.4, 3.7, 3.7, 4.3, 3.8, 4.0, 3.5, 2.8 and 2.3 respectively. The inactivated oil-based vaccine induced a marked antibody response which continued upto three months.

The aim of the present study was to assess excretory-secretory antigens and somatic antigens of Fasciola hepatica, specific antibodies, and to identify reactive sites in histological sections of adult parasites by means of immunohistochemistry. The immune response was observed through the intense reaction of cells that surround the ventral sucker of Fasciola hepatica. Immunohistochemistry is a sensitive and easy-to-use method for detecting antigenic sites in histological sections of this parasite. | O presente estudo objetivou avaliar antígenos excretórios/secretórios (Ag E/S) e somáticos (Ag S) de Fasciola hepatica, anticorpos específicos e demonstrar a presença de sítios reativos em corte histológico do parasito adulto pela técnica de imunoistoquímica. A resposta imune foi observada pela reação intensa nas células que circundam a ventosa ventral do parasito. A técnica de imunoistoquímica é sensível e de fácil execução na detecção de sítios antigênicos em cortes histológicos de Fasciola hepatica.

<p>Biologic and immunologic profiles of rabies virus isolates obtained from domestic animals of endemic areas were compared to the CVS rabies virus by means of mice inoculation, serum-neutralization test and by the fluorescent antibody technique (FA). The mean incubation period was 10.2 days, with a range of 4 and 23 days; the disease period was found with a mean period of 3.3 days with a range of 1 and 5 days; the overall value of pathogenicity was 96.5% (332/344) and clinical manifestations all resembled rabies. All rabies virus isolates have reacted specifically to FA test and they all revealed immunologic identity to the standard strain of the CVS virus through the serum-neutralization technique.</p> | <p>Trinta e cinco amostras do vírus da raiva, isoladas de material cerebral de animais domésticos procedentes de áreas endêmicas da doença no Brasil, foram estudadas objetivando determinar seu perfil biológico e sua identidade imunológica com a amostra clássica desse vírus. Os resultados ofereceram valores, induzidos pela inoculação intracerebral em camundongos, indistintos dos padrões existentes para a amostra clássica, com os seguintes resultados: período de incubação médio de 10,2 dias com extremos, nos valores individuais, mínimo de 4 dias e máximo de 23 dias; período clínico médio da doença de 3,3 dias com extremos, nos valores individuais, mínimo de 1 dia e máximo de 5 dias; patogenicidade global de 96,5% (adoecendo 332 dos 344 camundongos inoculados em todos os grupos) com extremos mínimo de 66,7% e máximo de 100%, e manifestações características da raiva. Todas as amostras estudadas reagiram especificamente à prova de imunofluorescência direta aplicada à raiva e apresentaram identidade imunológica com a estirpe clássica do vírus rábico, Sorotipo 1, revelada pela prova de soroneutralização em camundongos.</p>

Eight Toxoplasma gondii strains were analyzed using ELISA and Western blot techniques, in order to demonstrate possible immunological differences. The analyzed strains were: LIV IV, LIV V and S 11 isolated from swine, RH and VPS from a human being, AS 28 from a wild mouse, HV III from a dog and CN from a cat. With the ELISA assay the eight strains showed similar reactivity with homologous and heterologous sera. The antigenic suspension, consisting of total cellular extract of tachyzoites, was effective in the indirect ELISA assay, with the positive sera reacting strongly and the negative not reacting with the antigens. The Western blot analysis showed that the T. gondii strains have similar antigenic profiles with a few variations. Three bands were observed in all strains: one of about 33 kDa (p33), another of 54 kDa (p54) and a third one of 66 kDa (p66). The HV III strain, isolated from a dog, did not show three antigens (50, 70 and 75 kDa) that were present in the others. However, this difference was not detected by the ELISA assay. Only two antigens (62 kDa of the CN and 67 kDa of the LIV IV) were strain-specific antigens. | Oito amostras de T. gondii - LIV IV, LIV V e S 11 isoladas de suínos, RH e VPS de seres humanos, AS 28 de camundongo, HV III de cão e CN de gato - foram analisadas com o objetivo de verificar a existência de possíveis diferenças na resposta imune quando inoculadas em coelhos. Através da técnica de ELISA, não foram constatadas diferenças entre as oito amostras estudadas. Todas as amostras reagiram de forma semelhante com soros homólogos e heterólogos. A suspensão antigênica, constituída de extrato celular total, mostrou-se eficiente no ELISA teste indireto, já que os soros positivos reagiram fortemente e os soros negativos não apresentaram reação contra os antígenos testados. A análise das amostras, pela técnica de Western blot, revelou que os isolados de T. gondii compartilham vários antígenos com algumas variações. Dentre as bandas reconhecidas no Western blot, três foram comuns a todas as amostras: a p33 (33-37 kDa), p54 (52-55 kDa) e a p66 (66 kDa). A amostra HV III, isolada recentemente de um cão, foi a que mais diferiu no perfil antigênico. Essa amostra não apresentou três antígenos (50, 70 e 75 kDa) presentes nas demais amostras. Apenas dois antígenos, um de 62 kDa da CN e outro de 67 kDa da LIV IV, foram amostra-específicos.