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Effect of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Essential Oil and Ascorbic Acid on Growth Performance and Intestinal Villi Morphology in Japanese Quail Following Oral Administration of Lead
2020
Babaahmadi Milani, Milad | Bahadoran, Shahab | Khosravi, Zahra | Fallah Mehrjerdi, Azizallah | Askari, Elahe
BACKGROUND: Many of the negative effects of heavy metals can be reduced by diets containing anti-oxidant compounds such as vitamins and herbs. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is evaluation of the effect of Clove essential oil and Ascorbic acid on growth performance and intestinal villi morphology in Japanese quail following oral administration of Lead. METHODS: A total of 120 one-day old quails were divided into 4 groups with 30 quails in each group (3 replicates). The group 1 was fed with basal diet, the groups 2 and 3 were fed with basal diet + 150 and 450 mg/kg diet clove essential oil respectively, the group 4 was fed with basal diet + 500 ppm ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in diet. All groups received 100 ppm lead acetate in drinking water during the experimental period (7-35 days). At day 35, 3 segments of intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were isolated. RESULTS: The group clove 450 ppm and ascorbic acid had significantly more body weight than control (P<0.05). Also, the group clove 150, 450 ppm and ascorbic acid had significantly less Feed Conversion Rate (FCR) than control (P<0.05). The group clove 450 ppm and ascorbic acid had significantly greater villi dimensions and absorptive surface in the different segments of the intestine in comparison to control (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that adding ascorbic acid and clove essential oil to Japanese quail diet, reduced the negative effects of lead on body weight, feed conversion ratio and intestinal villi absorptive surface.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Evaluation of the Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice
2020
Hatamkhani, Ali | Shirani, Dariush | Rassouli, Ali | Bokaei, Saeed | Dezfoulian, Omid
BACKGROUND: Doxorubicin is one of the most widely used anticancer chemotherapeutic agents in small animal practice. The use of doxorubicin can cause cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of ascorbic acid on doxorubicin hepatotoxicity in mice. METHODS: Twenty-four Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups. Group one received normal saline, group two received 100 mg/kg ascorbic acid, group three received 8 mg/kg doxorubicin and group four received ascorbic acid and doxorubicin intraperitoneally, with the same doses of groups 2 and 3. Twenty-one days after injection, the mice were euthanized. The activities of ALP, ALT, AST enzymes and total bilirubin levels in the serum samples were measured. Liver samples were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: The activities of ALP, ALT, AST, and total bilirubin levels and histopathologic scores of hepatotoxicity were significantly lower in the group that received ascorbic acid + doxorubicin in comparison to those of the doxorubicin group. CONCLUSIONS: Ascorbic acid may be useful in the prevention of doxorubicin hepatotoxicity in mice. Further studies are recommended for evaluation of the use of ascorbic acid in small animals.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Vitamin C dietary supplementation influence tadpoles of bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus reared in low water temperature
2021
Rodrigo Diana Navarro | Tamyres Pereira Araújo Martins | Marcelo Maia Pereira
Vitamin C supplementation is important for the growth and development of bullfrog tadpoles under optimum water temperature conditions. Therefore, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of vitamin C supplementation on the diet of bullfrog tadpoles at a low temperature. A total of 480 tadpoles with a mean weight of 0.078 g were distributed in 12 aquariums each containing 40 L of water in a closed water recirculation system. The experimental design was entirely randomized with four treatments (0, 150, 300, and 600 mg kg-1 of L-ascorbic acid monophosphate) and three replicates. The productive performance was measured by the weight gain, feed conversion, diet consumption, protein efficiency, carcass yield, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, visceral fat index, dry matter, and ethereal carcass extract. The water temperature during the experimental period was 21.74 ± 0.43 °C. Vitamin C supplementation did not influence carcass yield and viscerosomatic index. However, there was a quadratic effect of vitamin C supplementation on the weight gain, apparent feed conversion, protein efficiency, visceral fat index, hepatosomatic index, and ethereal carcass extract. Based on these results, bullfrog tadpoles should be supplemented with 600 mg vitamin C kg-1 of the diet when subjected to water temperatures of around 22 °C.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Effect of packing on changes in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and malondialdehyde concentration in donkeys administered with ascorbic acid
2012
Folashade Olaifa | Joseph O. Ayo | Suleiman F. Ambali | Peter I. Rekwot
Experiments were performed with the aim of investigating the effect of packing on erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in donkeys, and the effect of ascorbic acid (AA). Twelve apparently healthy donkeys raised under the traditional extensive system served as experimental subjects. Six donkeys administered orally with AA (200 mg/kg) and subjected to packing were used as experimental animals, whilst six others not administered with AA served as controls. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-packing from all the donkeys for the determination of MDA and EOF. At 0.3% Sodium Chloride (NaCl) concentration, the percentage haemolysis was 93.69% ± 2.21% in the control donkeys and the value was significantly (<em>P</em> < 0.05) higher than the value of 71.31% ± 8.33%, recorded in the experimental donkeys. The post-packing MDA concentration obtained in the control donkeys was 39.62 µmol ± 4.16 µmol, and was not significantly different (<em>P</em> > 0.05) from the value of 35.97 µmol ± 2.88 µmol recorded in the experimental donkeys. In conclusion, the increase in haemolysis obtained in the donkeys suggested that packing induced oxidative stress, which was ameliorated by AA administration.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Modulatory effect of ascorbic acid on physiological responses of transported ostrich chicks
2012
Minka N. Salka | Ayo J. Olusegun
The aims of this study were to determine the modulating role of ascorbic acid (AA) on rectal temperature (RT), heterophil to lymphocyte (H to L) ratio and aberrant behaviours of ostrich chicks transported by road for 4 h during hot-dry conditions. Twenty ostrich chicks aged 2.5 months, of both sexes and belonging to the Red Neck breed, served as subjects of the study. The chicks were assigned randomly to AA-treated and control groups, consisting of 10 chicks each. The AA-treated group was administered orally with 100 mg/kg body weight of AA dissolved in 5 mL of sterile water 30 min before transportation, whilst the control group was given the equivalent of sterile water only. The thermal load (TL) experienced in the vehicle during transportation fluctuated between 31 °C and 89 °C, as calculated from the ambient temperature and relative humidity. Transportation induced hyperthermia, lymphopenia, heterophilia and aberrant behaviours of pecking, wing fluffing and panting, which were ameliorated by AA administration. The relationships between the TL, journey duration and physiological variables of RT, H to L ratio and aberrant behaviours recorded during transportation were significantly and positively correlated in the control group. In AA-treated group the relationships were not significantly correlated. In conclusion, the results showed for the first time that AA ameliorated the adverse effects of stress caused by road transportation on the aberrant behaviours, RT and H to L ratio of ostrich chicks during the hot-dry season.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Effect of extender supplementation with low-molecular-weight antioxidants on selected quality parameters of cryopreserved canine spermatozoa
2018
Lecewicz, Marek | Strzeżek, Rafał | Kordan, Władysław | Majewska, Anna
Introduction The addition of low-molecular-weight antioxidants during the freezing process improves post-thaw sperm quality. The high antioxidant potential of cryopreserved semen could have a positive effect on the motility, viability, and energy status of sperm cells and their ability to bind to the zona pellucida of oocytes. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of different concentrations and combinations of vitamins E and C in a semen extender on selected quality parameters of frozen-thawed canine spermatozoa. Material and Methods The experimental material was the semen of four mixed-breed dogs. Sperm viability (motility, plasma membrane integrity, and mitochondrial function) was examined at 0, 60, and 120 min in semen samples supplemented with the extender and in the controls. Results Combined supplementation with vitamins C + E at a concentration of 200 + 200 μM /1 × 10⁹ spermatozoa had the most profound effect on total sperm motility, linear motility, and the percentage of spermatozoa with intact plasma membrane and active mitochondria. Conclusion The synergistic activity of vitamins E and C had a more beneficial influence on the quality of frozen–thawed sperm than these non-enzymatic antioxidants applied separately.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Effects of vitamin C supplementation on the blood oxidative stress and antibody titre against Histophilus somni vaccination in calves
2020
Otomaru, Konosuke | Oishi, Shoko | Fujimura, Yu | Iwamoto, Yuki | Nagai, Katsuhisa | Ijiri, Moe
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of vitamin C supplementation on blood oxidative stress biomarkers and antibody response to vaccination in calves. Thirty-four clinically healthy 2 week old Japanese Black calves were randomly assigned to two groups. Seventeen calves formed the VC group which received 1,000 mg of vitamin C daily from 2 to 8 weeks of age, and the other 17 calves of the control group did not receive supplementation. All calves received an inactivated Histophilus somni vaccine at 4 and 8 weeks of age. Blood samples were taken at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age. The concentration of the serum reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), and the oxidative stress index (OSI), which is calculated from the d-ROMs and biological antioxidant potential, were significantly lower at 8 weeks of age in the VC group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The antibody titres to H. somni in the VC group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 12 weeks of age after the second vaccination (P < 0.05). Vitamin C supplementation to calves may reduce oxidative stress and enhance the antibody production after vaccination with H. somni.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Pharmacokinetics of intravenous administered two different high doses of ascorbic acid in healthy beagle dogs
2019
Seula Lim | Ye-In Oh | Jong-Woo Jeong | Kun-Ho Song | Tae-Sung Koo | Kyoung-Won Seo
Objective: We performed a randomized two-way crossover study to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of two high-dose ascorbic acid (AA) after IV infusion in healthy beagle dogs. Materials and Methods: The dogs were administered IV AA at two doses of 1.5 and 3 gm/kg for 4 h, and the AA concentration in plasma and urine pH was measured before and after administration. Results: The plasma concentrations of AA in both groups peaked 3 h after administration. Among the two groups, the urine pH was not significantly different (p = 0.12990.7944). High-dose IV AA did not induce serious adverse events in dogs. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the high dose of AA which reaches the therapeutic dose for cancer and supports the safety of high-dose IV AA in dogs. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6(4.000): 481-485]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]In vitro effects of doxorubicin and tetrathiomolybdate on canine hemangiosarcoma cells
2018
Sloan, Caroline Q. | Rodriguez, Carlos O.
OBJECTIVE To assess the in vitro effects of doxorubicin and tetrathiomolybdate (TM) on cells from a canine hemangiosarcoma cell line. SAMPLE Cultured cells from the canine hemangiosarcoma–derived cell line DEN-HSA. PROCEDURES Cells were treated with TM (0 to 1.5μM), doxorubicin (0 to 5μM), or both with or without 24 hours of pretreatment with ascorbic acid (750μM). Degree of cellular cytotoxicity was measured with a colorimetric assay. Long-term growth inhibition was assessed with a 10-day colony-formation assay. Induction of apoptosis was quantitated by fluorometric assessment of caspase-3 and −7 activation. Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also detected fluorometrically. RESULTS Exposure of cells to the combination of TM and doxorubicin resulted in a greater decrease in proliferation and clonogenic survival rates than exposure to each drug alone. This treatment combination increased ROS formation and apoptosis to a greater extent than did doxorubicin or TM alone. Ascorbic acid inhibited both TM-induced ROS formation and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that the enhancement in cytotoxic effects observed with DEN-HSA cell exposure to the combination of doxorubicin and TM was achieved through an increase in ROS production. These findings provide a rationale for a clinical trial of this treatment combination in dogs with hemangiosarcoma.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Effect of ascorbic acid on storage of Greyhound erythrocytes
2015
Fontes, Jorge A. | Banerjee, Uddyalok | lazbik, Cristina | Marin, Liliana M. | Couto, C. Guillermo | Palmer, Andre F.
OBJECTIVE To assess changes in biochemical and biophysical properties of canine RBCs during cold (1° to 6°C) storage in a licensed RBC additive solution (the RBC preservation solution designated AS-1) supplemented with ascorbic acid. SAMPLE Blood samples from 7 neutered male Greyhounds; all dogs had negative results when tested for dog erythrocyte antigen 1.1. PROCEDURES Blood was collected into citrate-phosphate-dextrose and stored in AS-1. Stored RBCs were supplemented with 7.1mM ascorbic acid or with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control samples). Several biochemical and biophysical properties of RBCs were measured, including percentage hemolysis, oxygen-hemoglobin equilibrium, and the kinetic rate constants for O2 dissociation, carbon monoxide association, and nitric oxide dioxygenation. RESULTS Greyhound RBCs stored in AS-1 supplemented with ascorbic acid did not have significantly decreased hemolysis, compared with results for the control samples, during the storage period. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, ascorbic acid did not reduce hemolysis during storage. Several changes in stored canine RBCs were identified as part of the hypothermic storage lesion.
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